Idiong Helen M, Ekanem Anyiekere M, Nwanja Esther, Idiong Prince E, Udofia Emilia A
Department of Public Health Administration, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana.
Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2025 Mar 28;25(1):459. doi: 10.1186/s12913-025-12586-z.
Eliminating AIDS by 2030 will remain a mirage if obstacles to achieving zero new HIV infections and viral suppression, like stigma and discrimination against people living with HIV (PLHIV) are not eliminated. Several strategies and policies are targeted at this issue but it remains a huge challenge globally. Like other countries, Nigeria adopted the HIV in the Workplace policy (HIV WPP) in 2013, aimed at protecting the rights of PLHIV in the workplace. Akwa Ibom State (AKS), Nigeria, adopted this policy in 2014. However, since its adoption, its implementation has not been assessed. This study aimed to evaluate the availability and implementation of the HIV WPP in the state.
A cross-sectional study using a mixed methods research approach was conducted for 591 consecutively recruited employees and 43 employers/ decision-makers across 23 organizations. Data was collected from October 2022 to February 2023. Seven criteria based on the Policy Implementation Assessment Tool were used to assess policy implementation. Scores above 70% were categorized as optimal policy implementation. The chi-square test was used to determine the factors associated with the level of implementation of the policy. Results were analyzed using STATA 15.1 for quantitative and NVivo 10 for qualitative data.
A total of 591 employees provided completed responses, the majority were females (59.7%) and 60.2% worked in government establishments. Of the employers, 55.6% were < 45 years old, 59.1% were males, 72.7% had a university education and the median duration working as a manager was 5.5 years. Of the 22 assessed establishments, the policy was available in 1 (4.5%) organization and 95% had a suboptimal implementation of the policy. The unavailability of the policy and resources for implementation were deterrents to the level of implementation of the policy.
The level of implementation of the Akwa Ibom HIV in the workplace was suboptimal across both private and public sectors in the State. This was attributed to the unavailability of the policy and other resources for implementation. The State Agency for the Control of AIDS should consider improving access to the policy and strengthening implementation structures.
如果不消除实现零新增艾滋病毒感染和病毒抑制的障碍，如对艾滋病毒感染者的耻辱感和歧视，到2030年消除艾滋病仍将是海市蜃楼。针对这一问题制定了多项战略和政策，但在全球范围内这仍是一项巨大挑战。与其他国家一样，尼日利亚于2013年通过了《工作场所艾滋病毒政策》（HIV WPP），旨在保护工作场所中艾滋病毒感染者的权利。尼日利亚阿夸伊博姆州（AKS）于2014年采用了这项政策。然而，自采用以来，其实施情况尚未得到评估。本研究旨在评估该州HIV WPP的可用性和实施情况。
采用混合方法研究途径进行横断面研究，对23个组织中连续招募的591名员工和43名雇主/决策者进行调查。数据收集时间为2022年10月至2023年2月。基于政策实施评估工具的七个标准用于评估政策实施情况。得分高于70%被归类为最佳政策实施。采用卡方检验确定与政策实施水平相关的因素。使用STATA 15.1对定量数据进行分析，使用NVivo 10对定性数据进行分析。
共有591名员工提供了完整回复，其中大多数为女性（59.7%），60.2%在政府机构工作。在雇主中，55.6%年龄小于45岁，59.1%为男性，72.7%拥有大学学历，担任经理的中位时长为5.5年。在22个接受评估的机构中，该政策在1个（4.5%）组织中可用，95%的机构政策实施效果欠佳。政策和实施资源的缺乏是政策实施水平的阻碍因素。
阿夸伊博姆州工作场所艾滋病毒政策在该州的私营和公共部门的实施水平均欠佳。这归因于政策及其他实施资源的缺乏。该州艾滋病防治机构应考虑改善政策获取途径并加强实施架构。
