Liu Hang, Ma Zhengmei, Chen Shiyin, Zhang Lijie, Wang Lu
Faculty of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
Urumqi Hongqi Kindergarten, Urumqi 830000, China.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2025 Feb 23;15(3):254. doi: 10.3390/bs15030254.
Sharing with others is an important prosocial behavior, which is widely developed in early childhood. Numerous studies have demonstrated that single characteristics (routine behaviors or inter-group relations) of the recipient impact children's sharing behavior. However, there is still a lack of understanding of the factors that influence sharing decisions in children with dual characteristics. In Experiment 1, 112 children aged 4-6 years ( = 5.55, girls account for 50%) participated in a sticker-sharing task, and the results indicated that older children (aged 5 and 6 years) were more willing to share and shared more stickers. Additionally, children shared more stickers with recipients who exhibited good routine behaviors compared to those who had poor behaviors. In total, 134 children aged 4-6 years ( = 5.47, girls account for 50.1%) participated in Experiment 2. The results indicated that children share more stickers with a friend than with a stranger. When recipients possessed dual characteristics, they shared more stickers with a stranger who had good routine behaviors than with a friend who had poor ones. Therefore, children are selective in their sharing, and when confronted with a recipient with dual characteristics, children prioritize the recipient's prior performance of moral norms over interpersonal distance.
与他人分享是一种重要的亲社会行为，在幼儿期广泛发展。大量研究表明，接受者的单一特征（日常行为或群体间关系）会影响儿童的分享行为。然而，对于具有双重特征的儿童，影响其分享决策的因素仍缺乏了解。在实验1中，112名4至6岁的儿童（平均年龄 = 5.55岁，女孩占50%）参与了贴纸分享任务，结果表明年龄较大的儿童（5岁和6岁）更愿意分享且分享的贴纸更多。此外，与行为表现差的接受者相比，儿童会与行为表现好的接受者分享更多贴纸。共有134名4至6岁的儿童（平均年龄 = 5.47岁，女孩占50.1%）参与了实验2。结果表明，儿童与朋友分享的贴纸比与陌生人分享的更多。当接受者具有双重特征时，他们与日常行为良好的陌生人分享的贴纸比与日常行为差的朋友分享的更多。因此，儿童在分享时是有选择性的，当面对具有双重特征的接受者时，儿童会将接受者先前的道德规范表现置于人际距离之上。
