Lemos Samuel, Llaneza Luis, Pereira Armando, Monzón Aurora
Centro Nacional de Reprodução do Lince-Ibérico (CNRLI), 8375-082 Silves, Portugal.
A.RE.NA Asesores en Recursos Naturales S.L., c/Perpetuo Socorro, 12 Entlo 2B., 27003 Lugo, Spain.
Animals (Basel). 2025 Mar 19;15(6):873. doi: 10.3390/ani15060873.
The study of carnivores' diets is an important conservation tool, which can minimize conflicts with different stakeholders and provide proper substantiations for management measures. The main aim of this study was to understand the diet of a small, isolated pack named Mogadouro Sul, present in the Northeast of Trás-os-Montes (Portugal). Scat analysis was the method used to determine what wolves consumed. The specific origin of all collected fecal samples (n = 78) was confirmed by molecular analysis. The results, expressed in frequency of occurrence (FO) showed that domestic animals were the most frequent food category in the wolf's diet (78.3% FO), with a special incidence in goats (40.6% FO), although wild ungulates (roe deer and wild boar) also accounted for 21.7% FO of the diet. The study pack presented a diet diversity (H') of 0.65 and a food niche breadth (B') of 0.55. Food availability did not appear to be a limiting factor, and the wolf's presence in the study area could be explained by changes in land use and increased infrastructure. This trophic behavior may threaten the conservation of this pack due to the persecution it may face.
对食肉动物饮食的研究是一种重要的保护工具，它可以最大限度地减少与不同利益相关者的冲突，并为管理措施提供适当的依据。本研究的主要目的是了解位于葡萄牙特拉斯-奥斯-蒙特斯东北部的一个名为莫加多罗·苏尔的小型孤立狼群的饮食。粪便分析是用于确定狼所食用食物的方法。通过分子分析确认了所有收集的粪便样本（n = 78）的具体来源。以出现频率（FO）表示的结果表明，家畜是狼饮食中最常见的食物类别（FO为78.3%），其中山羊的占比尤为突出（FO为40.6%），不过野生有蹄类动物（狍子和野猪）在饮食中也占21.7%的FO。研究中的狼群饮食多样性（H'）为0.65，食物生态位宽度（B'）为0.55。食物可获得性似乎不是一个限制因素，该地区狼的存在可以通过土地利用变化和基础设施增加来解释。由于可能面临的迫害，这种营养行为可能会威胁到这个狼群的保护。
