Markova Petya, Paskaleva Ivanka, Markov Stoyan, Neshterova Mariya
Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital "St. George", 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Children (Basel). 2025 Feb 28;12(3):319. doi: 10.3390/children12030319.
The neonatal period has a number of characteristics leading to an increased risk of severe and, in many cases, life-threatening complications. Renal venous thrombosis is one of them. It accounts for 16-20% of all thromboembolisms in the neonatal period. Due to the delicate balance in coagulation status in the first days after birth, conditions such as infections, hypoxia, hypotension, and dehydration can lead to the occurrence of this complication. The incidence of renal thrombosis is 2.2/100,000 live births, with cases of intrauterine renal thrombosis being even rarer (7% of cases). The diagnosis of the disease is usually performed using ultrasound examination and Doppler sonography, although contrast angiography is the gold standard for diagnosing these conditions. We present a clinical case of a male child with manifestations of diabetic fetopathy and prenatally occurring venous thrombosis of the right kidney, confirmed by ultrasound 2 h after birth. The occurrence and evolution of venous thrombosis was monitored through a series of ultrasound examinations. Despite the restoration of renal blood flow after the initiation of therapy, long-term follow-up at 6 and 12 months revealed the onset of renal atrophy. Prenatal renal vein thrombosis is a rare but severe pathology for the newborns. Ultrasound examination is the method of first choice in cases of suspected renal vein thrombosis, as well as for renal blood flow restoration and for the monitoring of the fate of the affected kidney.
新生儿期具有一些导致严重并发症风险增加的特征，在许多情况下，这些并发症会危及生命。肾静脉血栓形成就是其中之一。它占新生儿期所有血栓栓塞的16%-20%。由于出生后最初几天凝血状态的微妙平衡，感染、缺氧、低血压和脱水等情况可导致这种并发症的发生。肾血栓形成的发病率为每10万例活产中有2.2例，宫内肾血栓形成的病例更为罕见（占病例的7%）。该疾病的诊断通常采用超声检查和多普勒超声检查，尽管造影血管造影是诊断这些情况的金标准。我们报告一例男童病例，该患儿有糖尿病胎儿病表现，出生后2小时经超声证实右肾存在产前发生的静脉血栓形成。通过一系列超声检查监测静脉血栓形成的发生和演变。尽管治疗开始后肾血流恢复，但6个月和12个月的长期随访显示出现了肾萎缩。产前肾静脉血栓形成对新生儿来说是一种罕见但严重的病理情况。超声检查是疑似肾静脉血栓形成病例的首选方法，也是用于肾血流恢复及监测患肾转归的方法。
