Wang Yiyang, Liang Shanshan, Zhou Yongsheng, Yuan Fusong, Ye Hongqiang
Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
Center of Digital Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, Beijing 100081, China.
Bioengineering (Basel). 2025 Feb 21;12(3):217. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering12030217.
The use of femtosecond laser for bone ablation has been demonstrated in numerous studies; however, the clinical application requires further optimization to meet safety, accuracy, and efficiency standards. This study aims to optimize the energy density parameter of a robot-controlled femtosecond laser surgical system for bone ablation by assessing temperature changes, ablation efficiency, and ablation effects. Furthermore, the morphological and histological characteristics of bone tissue were compared with those of conventional mechanical methods. The results indicated that a laser energy density of 1.05 J/cm was optimal for bone ablation, maintaining the bone surface temperature below 47 °C and achieving an ablation efficiency of 0.145 mm/s. The deviations in cavity diameters were significantly smaller for the laser group (6.58 ± 18.09 μm) compared to the bur group (80.09 ± 45.45 μm, < 0.001, = 5 per group). Femtosecond laser ablation produced cleaner cavity margins with minimal bone debris accumulation. Additionally, the adjacent Volkmann and Haversian canals retained their normal morphology, indicating limited mechanical and thermal damage to the bone tissue. The robot-controlled femtosecond laser system demonstrated the potential for achieving safe, accurate, efficient, and clean bone ablation, offering promising prospects for clinical applications.
飞秒激光用于骨消融已在众多研究中得到证实；然而，临床应用需要进一步优化以满足安全性、准确性和效率标准。本研究旨在通过评估温度变化、消融效率和消融效果，优化机器人控制的飞秒激光手术系统用于骨消融的能量密度参数。此外，将骨组织的形态学和组织学特征与传统机械方法的特征进行了比较。结果表明，1.05 J/cm的激光能量密度最适合骨消融，可将骨表面温度维持在47°C以下，消融效率达到0.145 mm/s。与牙钻组（80.09±45.45μm，<0.001，每组n = 5）相比，激光组的腔径偏差显著更小（6.58±18.09μm）。飞秒激光消融产生的腔边缘更干净，骨碎片堆积最少。此外，相邻的Volkmann管和哈弗斯管保持其正常形态，表明对骨组织的机械和热损伤有限。机器人控制的飞秒激光系统显示出实现安全、准确、高效和清洁骨消融的潜力，为临床应用提供了广阔前景。
