Dakshayini Ejamani, Muthuramu Sengalan, Maragatham Subramainiyam, Anandham Rangasamy, Balachandar Dananjeyan
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, 641003 Coimbatore, India.
Agricultural Research Station, 623707 Paramakudi, India.
Front Biosci (Elite Ed). 2025 Feb 14;17(1):25926. doi: 10.31083/FBE25926.
Rice is a staple crop worldwide, providing sustenance to over half the global population. The rice microbiome represents the complex interaction between rice plants and their surrounding microbial communities. Plants host various microorganisms in different regions, including the rhizosphere, surface tissues, such as the rhizoplane and phylloplane, and inner tissues (endosphere). These microorganisms engage in diverse interactions with the plants, ranging from beneficial to neutral or harmful. This rhizosphere microbiome plays a crucial role in improving the resilience and sustainability of rice cultivation. The relationship between the rice plants and their microbial communities is imperative for developing farming practices that maximize yields while minimizing biotic and abiotic stresses. Our examination underscores the diverse functions of rhizosphere microbiota within rice farming systems, particularly in nutrient uptake, drought resilience, pest and disease management, and tolerance to salinity. This review describes the different types of rice cultivation methods farmers use worldwide to improve the efficiency of rice production in various agro-ecological contexts. Moreover, the review details how alternate cropping methods influence the rhizosphere functioning of rice and techniques for managing the microbiome function for rice sustainability.
水稻是全球的主要粮食作物，养活了全球一半以上的人口。水稻微生物群代表了水稻植株与其周围微生物群落之间的复杂相互作用。植物在不同区域拥有各种微生物，包括根际、根表和叶表等表面组织以及内部组织（内生菌）。这些微生物与植物进行着从有益到中性或有害的各种相互作用。这种根际微生物群在提高水稻种植的恢复力和可持续性方面发挥着关键作用。水稻植株与其微生物群落之间的关系对于制定既能使产量最大化又能将生物和非生物胁迫降至最低的耕作方式至关重要。我们的研究强调了根际微生物群在水稻种植系统中的多种功能，特别是在养分吸收、抗旱性、病虫害管理以及耐盐性方面。本综述描述了世界各地农民为提高不同农业生态环境下水稻生产效率而采用的不同类型水稻种植方法。此外，该综述详细介绍了轮作方法如何影响水稻的根际功能以及为实现水稻可持续性而管理微生物群功能的技术。
