Yue Xinghai, Liu Hongfei, Yang Shangmei, Fang Tao, Shi Shaoshun
The Second Clinical Medical College, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
World Allergy Organ J. 2025 Mar 11;18(3):101039. doi: 10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101039. eCollection 2025 Mar.
The association between allergic diseases and osteoporosis remains controversial. We hypothesize that this discrepancy may be due to a mediator that plays a role in the pathogenesis of both allergic diseases and osteoporosis. To test this hypothesis, we used Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the relationships among allergic diseases, eosinophils, and osteoporosis.
This study utilized data from publicly available GWAS databases, including 3 allergic diseases: asthma, allergic rhinitis, and eczema. We conducted bidirectional MR analyses on the relationships between allergic diseases and eosinophils (including eosinophil counts and percentage), allergic diseases and osteoporosis, and eosinophils and osteoporosis, respectively. We conducted sensitivity analyses for results with significance, validated the findings using multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) analysis to ensure the reliability of the significant results.
Two-sample MR analysis revealed significant bidirectional causal relationships between the 3 allergic diseases and eosinophils. A unidirectional causal relationship was found between eosinophils and osteoporosis, with eosinophil counts associated with osteoporosis (OR: 1.194; 95% CI 1.064 to 1.339; Pivw <0.001) and eosinophil percentage associated with osteoporosis (OR: 1.187; 95% CI 1.057 to 1.332; Pivw <0.001). Sensitivity analyses indicated no pleiotropy, However, the association between eosinophil percentage and osteoporosis was no longer significant after multivariable (MVMR) analysis. Additionally, no causal effects were observed from allergic diseases to osteoporosis, from osteoporosis to allergic diseases, or from osteoporosis to eosinophils.
1.) There is a significant bidirectional potential causal relationship between the 3 allergic diseases (asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema) and eosinophils. 2.) There is no evidence to support a causal relationship between the 3 allergic diseases and osteoporosis, and vice versa. 3.) There is a unidirectional causal relationship may exist from eosinophil counts to osteoporosis.
过敏性疾病与骨质疏松症之间的关联仍存在争议。我们推测这种差异可能是由于一种在过敏性疾病和骨质疏松症的发病机制中均起作用的介质所致。为验证这一假设，我们采用孟德尔随机化（MR）分析来研究过敏性疾病、嗜酸性粒细胞与骨质疏松症之间的关系。
本研究利用了公开可用的全基因组关联研究（GWAS）数据库中的数据，其中包括3种过敏性疾病：哮喘、过敏性鼻炎和湿疹。我们分别对过敏性疾病与嗜酸性粒细胞（包括嗜酸性粒细胞计数和百分比）、过敏性疾病与骨质疏松症、嗜酸性粒细胞与骨质疏松症之间的关系进行了双向MR分析。我们对具有显著性的结果进行了敏感性分析，并使用多变量孟德尔随机化（MVMR）分析验证了研究结果，以确保显著结果的可靠性。
两样本MR分析揭示了3种过敏性疾病与嗜酸性粒细胞之间存在显著的双向因果关系。发现嗜酸性粒细胞与骨质疏松症之间存在单向因果关系，嗜酸性粒细胞计数与骨质疏松症相关（比值比：1.194；95%置信区间1.064至1.339；逆方差加权P值<0.001），嗜酸性粒细胞百分比与骨质疏松症相关（比值比：1.187；95%置信区间1.057至1.332；逆方差加权P值<0.001）。敏感性分析表明不存在多效性，然而，多变量（MVMR）分析后，嗜酸性粒细胞百分比与骨质疏松症之间的关联不再显著。此外，未观察到从过敏性疾病到骨质疏松症、从骨质疏松症到过敏性疾病或从骨质疏松症到嗜酸性粒细胞的因果效应。
1.）3种过敏性疾病（哮喘、过敏性鼻炎、湿疹）与嗜酸性粒细胞之间存在显著的双向潜在因果关系。2.）没有证据支持3种过敏性疾病与骨质疏松症之间存在因果关系，反之亦然。3.）从嗜酸性粒细胞计数到骨质疏松症可能存在单向因果关系。
