Tillmann B, Bartz B, Schleicher A
Arch Orthop Trauma Surg (1978). 1985;103(6):385-91. doi: 10.1007/BF00435446.
The articular bones of the ankle joint are subjected to stress along their vertical axis by the resultant force Rt [13]. On this compressive stress is superimposed bending resulting from tensile forces exerted by the collateral ligaments. The loading by tensile forces is greatest in the lateral areas of the joint, especially at the fibular malleolus. The bony elements of the ankle joint are adapted to this specific mode of stress by the distribution of osseous material in the subchondral bone and by cancellous architecture. Results from photoelastic model tests correspond to the morphological findings if models are subjected to stress by both compressive forces and tensile forces. Zones with high fringe orders of isochromatics in the model correspond to areas with high density of the osseous tissue in equidensity pictures, and the trajectorial pattern in Plexiglas models mirrors the alignment of compressive and tensile cancellous trabeculae.
踝关节的关节骨受到合力Rt沿其垂直轴的应力作用[13]。在这种压缩应力之上叠加有由侧副韧带施加的拉力所导致的弯曲。关节外侧区域，尤其是外踝处，拉力加载最为显著。踝关节的骨结构通过软骨下骨骨质材料的分布以及松质骨结构来适应这种特定的应力模式。如果对光弹性模型同时施加压缩力和拉力使其承受应力，那么模型试验结果与形态学发现相符。模型中等色线高条纹级区域对应于等密度图像中骨组织高密度区域，并且有机玻璃模型中的轨迹模式反映了压缩性和拉伸性松质骨小梁的排列。
