Aldayel Abdulaziz M, Bosaeed Mohammad, Almansour Sarah, Alharbi Naif Khalaf, Alenazi Mohammed, Aljami Haya A, Aldibasi Omar, Aljouie Abdulrhman, Xu Haiyue, Cui Zhengrong
College of Pharmacy, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
Nanomedicine Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), 11426, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
J Nanobiotechnology. 2025 Mar 28;23(1):253. doi: 10.1186/s12951-025-03213-4.
Immunoglobulins (Igs) play a crucial role in host's defense and in developing therapies against inflammatory diseases and cancer. Herein, we first studied the relative distribution of IgM and IgG in mouse models with acute or chronic inflammation. We found that IgM showed a more selective distribution towards inflammation sites than IgG. Similarly, in a tumor-bearing mouse model, IgM showed a higher tumor-to-blood or -to healthy organs ratio than IgG. We hypothesized that the difference in the sizes between IgM and IgG may have contributed to the differences in their relative distribution, which was supported by using an IgG nanoparticle system that was similar to IgM in size. To confirm the findings in clinics, we investigated IgM and IgG levels in the blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of patients diagnosed with fungal pneumonia and showed that the relative distribution of IgM was significantly higher than IgG in the BALF samples as compared to that in serum. Such an understanding of our immune system at the nano-level may help us develop more effective biotechnological interventions against inflammatory diseases and cancers.
免疫球蛋白（Igs）在宿主防御以及开发针对炎症性疾病和癌症的疗法中发挥着关键作用。在此，我们首先研究了急性或慢性炎症小鼠模型中IgM和IgG的相对分布。我们发现，与IgG相比，IgM对炎症部位表现出更具选择性的分布。同样，在荷瘤小鼠模型中，IgM与IgG相比，表现出更高的肿瘤与血液或肿瘤与健康器官的比率。我们推测，IgM和IgG之间大小的差异可能导致了它们相对分布的差异，这一推测通过使用大小与IgM相似的IgG纳米颗粒系统得到了支持。为了在临床上证实这些发现，我们调查了被诊断为真菌性肺炎患者血液和支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中的IgM和IgG水平，并表明与血清相比，BALF样本中IgM的相对分布显著高于IgG。这种在纳米水平上对我们免疫系统的理解可能有助于我们开发针对炎症性疾病和癌症更有效的生物技术干预措施。
