Motaleb K Z M Abdul, Hasan Md Zahid, Islam Shahidul, Karim Fahmida-E-, Islam Md Redwanul, Luo Lei, Janutėnienė Jolanta
Department of Engineering, Faculty of Marine Technologies and Natural Sciences, Klaipeda University, Bijūnų st. 17, Klaipėda 91224, Lithuania.
State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 May;308(Pt 2):142580. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.142580. Epub 2025 Mar 27.
This study presents a sustainable approach to develop antimicrobial films (AMFs) using agricultural wastes. Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was extracted from a novel source of Dalbergia reniformis seeds (DRS) through chemical hydrolysis, and bioactive powder from Mikania micrantha (MM) leaves was reinforced into a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix to create antimicrobial films. The morphological, antimicrobial, physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of the films were investigated. MCC (5 %, 10 %, and 15 %) and MM (5 % and 10 %) concentrations were varied to study their effects on film properties. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the elimination of non-cellulosic compounds in MCC and the chemical interactions among film components, while X-ray diffraction analysis revealed improved crystallinity of MCC compared to raw pulp and enhanced crystallinity of AMFs compared to pure PVA. Scanning electron microscopic images demonstrated better adhesion and homogeneous MCC distribution in the PVA matrix up to a concentration 10 % MCC, while higher concentrations caused self-aggregation. The AMFs showed strong antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones of 18.83 mm for S. aureus and 18.55 mm for E. coli at 10 % MM. Anti-inflammatory properties were confirmed, with pure MM reducing swelling by 46.8 % and AMFs with 10 % MM achieving 33.9 % inhibition. Mechanical properties, including tensile strength, increased by 57.7 % with 10 % MCC but declined at 15 % MCC due to aggregation. Conversely, the moisture content, water solubility, and water vapor permeability of the films significantly decreased with up to 10 % MCC. These findings highlight the potential of the developed AMFs for antimicrobial applications in healthcare, food packaging, and other industries.
本研究提出了一种利用农业废弃物开发抗菌薄膜（AMFs）的可持续方法。通过化学水解从一种新型来源的肾叶黄檀种子（DRS）中提取微晶纤维素（MCC），并将薇甘菊（MM）叶片的生物活性粉末增强到聚乙烯醇（PVA）基质中以制备抗菌薄膜。研究了薄膜的形态、抗菌、物理、机械和热性能。改变MCC（5%、10%和15%）和MM（5%和10%）的浓度以研究它们对薄膜性能的影响。傅里叶变换红外光谱证实了MCC中非纤维素化合物的去除以及薄膜组分之间的化学相互作用，而X射线衍射分析表明，与原纸浆相比，MCC的结晶度提高，与纯PVA相比，AMFs的结晶度增强。扫描电子显微镜图像显示，在MCC浓度高达10%时，MCC在PVA基质中的附着力更好且分布均匀，而较高浓度会导致自聚集。AMFs表现出很强的抗菌活性，在MM含量为10%时，对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈为18.83毫米，对大肠杆菌的抑菌圈为18.55毫米。抗炎性能得到证实，纯MM可使肿胀减少46.8%，含10%MM的AMFs可实现33.9%的抑制率。包括拉伸强度在内的机械性能在MCC含量为10%时提高了57.7%，但在MCC含量为15%时由于聚集而下降。相反，薄膜的水分含量、水溶性和水蒸气透过率在MCC含量高达10%时显著降低。这些发现突出了所开发的AMFs在医疗保健、食品包装和其他行业抗菌应用中的潜力。
