Wilk Jakub, Koszewski Jan, Gwóźdź Anna, Gliwa Jakub, Toppich Julia, Ostrowski Patryk, Wojciechowski Wadim, Walocha Jerzy, Koziej Mateusz, Bonczar Michał
Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Mikołaja Kopernika 12, 33-332, Kraków, Poland.
Youth Research Organization, Kraków, Poland.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2025 Mar 30;47(1):108. doi: 10.1007/s00276-025-03622-y.
Comprehensive knowledge of the complete anatomy of the splenic artery (SA) is of utmost importance in various abdominal surgical procedures. The present study aims to present a novel arterial map of the SA, showcasing its origin and course in the abdominal cavity. We hope that our results can be of great value to physicians performing the aforementioned procedures.
The research involved the analysis of records from 75 consecutive patients who underwent abdomen and pelvis computed tomography angiography. Morphometric characteristics of the SA and/or its associated anatomical area were evaluated across 42 categories.
The SA was identified to originate from the celiac trunk in 73 cases (98.6%) and in one case from the aorta (1.4%). The most common branching pattern was the left gastric artery, followed by the common trunk of SA and the common hepatic artery occurring in 51 cases (69.9%). The median SA length (in a straight line) was determined to be 74.18 mm (LQ = 64.50; HQ = 87.22). Moreover, the median length of SA (over the surface) was 149.28 mm (LQ = 119.28, HQ = 177.50).
The present study demonstrated the high complexity of the arterial blood supply of the spleen. The SA exhibited a significant degree of variability regarding its course, branching pattern, and spatial relationship to the pancreas. By creating a novel arterial heat map, we provided a detailed visualization of the SA's course. These findings aim to improve the pre- and intraoperative identification of the SA, potentially reducing costs and the risk of complications associated with iatrogenic vessel injury during various surgical and endovascular procedures.
全面了解脾动脉（SA）的完整解剖结构在各种腹部外科手术中至关重要。本研究旨在呈现一种新颖的脾动脉血管分布图，展示其在腹腔内的起源和走行。我们希望我们的研究结果能对进行上述手术的医生具有重要价值。
该研究涉及对75例连续接受腹部和盆腔计算机断层扫描血管造影的患者记录进行分析。对脾动脉及其相关解剖区域的形态学特征进行了42项分类评估。
在73例（98.6%）患者中，脾动脉起源于腹腔干，1例（1.4%）起源于主动脉。最常见的分支模式是左胃动脉，其次是脾动脉和肝总动脉的共同主干，共51例（69.9%）。脾动脉的直线中位数长度为74.18毫米（下四分位数=64.50；上四分位数=87.22）。此外，脾动脉表面的中位数长度为149.28毫米（下四分位数=119.28，上四分位数=177.50）。
本研究表明脾脏动脉血供具有高度复杂性。脾动脉在走行、分支模式以及与胰腺的空间关系方面表现出显著的变异性。通过创建一种新颖的动脉热图，我们详细展示了脾动脉的走行。这些发现旨在改善脾动脉在术前和术中的识别，可能降低各种外科手术和血管内手术中与医源性血管损伤相关的成本和并发症风险。
