人类线粒体呼吸整合膜超大复合体及其AlphaFold3预测的水溶性QTY超大复合体类似物的结构生物信息学研究

Structural bioinformatic study of human mitochondrial respiratory integral membrane megacomplex and its AlphaFold3 predicted water-soluble QTY megacomplex analog.

作者信息

Chen Edward, Zhang Shuguang

机构信息

Independent Researcher, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Media Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.

出版信息

QRB Discov. 2025 Feb 5;6:e12. doi: 10.1017/qrd.2025.2. eCollection 2025.

Abstract

Human mitochondrial Complex I is one of the largest multi-subunit membrane protein megacomplexes, which plays a critical role in oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production. It is also involved in many neurodegenerative diseases. However, studying its structure and the mechanisms underlying proton translocation remains challenging due to the hydrophobic nature of its transmembrane parts. In this structural bioinformatic study, we used the QTY code to reduce the hydrophobicity of megacomplex I, while preserving its structure and function. We carried out the structural bioinformatics analysis of 20 key enzymes in the integral membrane parts. We compare their native structure, experimentally determined using Cryo-electron microscopy (CryoEM), with their water-soluble QTY analogs predicted using AlphaFold 3. Leveraging AlphaFold 3's advanced capabilities in predicting protein-protein complex interactions, we further explore whether the QTY-code integral membrane proteins maintain their protein-protein interactions necessary to form the functional megacomplex. Our structural bioinformatics analysis not only demonstrates the feasibility of engineering water-soluble integral membrane proteins using the QTY code, but also highlights the potential to use the water-soluble membrane protein QTY analogs as soluble antigens for discovery of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, thus offering promising implications for the treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases.

摘要

人类线粒体复合体I是最大的多亚基膜蛋白超大复合体之一,在氧化磷酸化和ATP生成中起关键作用。它还与许多神经退行性疾病有关。然而,由于其跨膜部分的疏水性,研究其结构和质子转运的潜在机制仍然具有挑战性。在这项结构生物信息学研究中,我们使用QTY编码来降低超大复合体I的疏水性,同时保留其结构和功能。我们对整合膜部分的20种关键酶进行了结构生物信息学分析。我们将通过冷冻电子显微镜(CryoEM)实验测定的它们的天然结构,与使用AlphaFold 3预测的它们的水溶性QTY类似物进行比较。利用AlphaFold 3在预测蛋白质-蛋白质复合物相互作用方面的先进能力,我们进一步探索QTY编码的整合膜蛋白是否保持形成功能性超大复合体所需的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用。我们的结构生物信息学分析不仅证明了使用QTY编码工程化水溶性整合膜蛋白的可行性,还突出了使用水溶性膜蛋白QTY类似物作为可溶性抗原以发现治疗性单克隆抗体的潜力,从而为各种神经退行性疾病的治疗提供了有前景的启示。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/206f/11950790/7e3cff9f4c80/S263328922500002X_fig1.jpg

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