Naidu B Nagendra, Swaminathan Manonmani, Rakkimuthu Nivedha, Ramamoorthy Pushpam, Dharmalingam Kumaresan, Muthurajan Raveendran, Duraisamy Selvi, Mohanty Tushar Arun, John Bonipas Antony
Department of Rice, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
Department of Forage Crops, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
PeerJ. 2025 Mar 26;13:e18803. doi: 10.7717/peerj.18803. eCollection 2025.
Temperature-sensitive genic male sterility (TGMS) is crucial for boosting rice productivity and ensuring food security. In this study, we evaluated the morphological traits and genetic diversity of 57 rice TGMS lines under fertility-inducing (Gudalur) and sterility-inducing (Coimbatore) environments. Significant variations were observed in yield and floral characteristics, with flowering times ranging from 62.3 to 152.0 days. Lines such as TNAU 16S and TNAU 93S exhibited shorter plant heights and durations, along with higher numbers of productive tillers, making them promising candidates for hybrid breeding. Molecular profiling revealed that the 8 gene was the most prevalent across the lines, with some carrying combinations of two or more TGMS genes. TNAU 38S and TNAU 60S possessed all four TGMS genes, ensuring stable sterility. These lines showed low fertility temperatures at Gudalur and low sterility temperatures at Coimbatore, indicating optimal conditions for hybrid seed production. Floral characteristics in lines like TNAU 19S, TNAU 126S-1 and TNAU 126S-2 were favorable, with total sterility under sterility-inducing conditions and increased fertility under fertility-inducing conditions, making them ideal for hybridization. For short-duration, semi-dwarf hybrids, TNAU 93S and TNAU 16S were identified as suitable female parents. Overall, this study highlights the significance of TGMS gene combinations for stable male sterility expression and identifies lines such as TNAU 37S, TNAU 60S and TNAU 85S as optimal for high-yielding two-line rice hybrids. The findings emphasize the potential for developing diverse, stable hybrids that can contribute to improved rice productivity and global food security.
温敏核雄性不育（TGMS）对于提高水稻产量和确保粮食安全至关重要。在本研究中，我们评估了57个水稻TGMS系在育性诱导（古达勒尔）和不育诱导（哥印拜陀）环境下的形态特征和遗传多样性。在产量和花部特征方面观察到显著差异，开花时间从62.3天到152.0天不等。诸如TNAU 16S和TNAU 93S等品系表现出较矮的株高和生育期，以及较多的有效分蘖数，使其成为杂交育种的有潜力候选材料。分子分析表明，8号基因在这些品系中最为普遍，有些品系携带两个或更多TGMS基因的组合。TNAU 38S和TNAU 60S拥有所有四个TGMS基因，确保了稳定的不育性。这些品系在古达勒尔表现出较低的育性温度，在哥印拜陀表现出较低的不育温度，表明是杂交种子生产的最佳条件。像TNAU 19S、TNAU 126S - 1和TNAU 126S - 2等品系的花部特征良好，在不育诱导条件下完全不育，在育性诱导条件下育性增加，使其成为杂交的理想材料。对于短生育期、半矮秆杂交种，TNAU 93S和TNAU 16S被确定为合适的母本。总体而言，本研究突出了TGMS基因组合对于稳定雄性不育表达的重要性，并确定TNAU 37S、TNAU 60S和TNAU 85S等品系是高产两系杂交水稻的最佳选择。研究结果强调了开发多样化、稳定杂交种以提高水稻产量和全球粮食安全的潜力。
