Sakai Katsuya, Miyauchi Takayuki, Tanabe Junpei
Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan.
Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan.
PeerJ. 2025 Mar 27;13:e19163. doi: 10.7717/peerj.19163. eCollection 2025.
Attention deficits are common in patients with stroke, making the assessment of attention functions crucial for improvement. A previous review reported on attention deficit assessments using specific components in patients with stroke. However, this study only included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and did not encompass the attention assessments included in the observational study. Therefore, we reviewed and categorized the assessments used for attention deficits in patients with stroke according to specific attention components including RCTs and observational studies.
In this study, we adhered to the scoping review guidelines. The population, concept, and context of this study were stroke; attention deficits, RCTs, observational studies, and assessments; and components (focused, selective, sustained, spatial, divided, visual, and auditory attention) and phase (acute, subacute, and chronic), respectively. Two reviewers independently screened articles at the title, abstract, and full-text levels based on inclusion and exclusion criteria using four databases and the Rayyan software. Furthermore, we identified the study design, sample size, duration since stroke onset, and assessment tools were identified.
Out of 1,423 articles, we selected 35. The study designs included observational studies (80%) and RCTs (20%) and a total of 2,987 patients. The age range was 40.0 ± 7.7 to 83.6 ± 9.7 years. Twenty-four assessment tools were identified, mainly including the Trail Making Test Part A, Test of Everyday Attention, and other assessments (40%, 11.4%, and 62.8%, respectively). Regarding the five components of attention, there were 10 assessments were used each for sustained and selective attention (28.6%), and six each for alertness and divided attention (17.1%). Spatial attention was assessed using only one tool (2.9%).
We identified various assessment tools for analyzing attention deficit in patients with stroke and mapped them by component. This scoping review would be useful for selecting assessment methods for patients with stroke with attention deficits.
注意力缺陷在中风患者中很常见，因此评估注意力功能对于改善病情至关重要。先前的一项综述报告了中风患者使用特定成分进行的注意力缺陷评估。然而，该研究仅纳入了随机对照试验（RCT），并未涵盖观察性研究中的注意力评估。因此，我们根据包括RCT和观察性研究在内的特定注意力成分，对中风患者注意力缺陷的评估进行了综述和分类。
在本研究中，我们遵循了范围综述指南。本研究的人群、概念和背景分别是中风；注意力缺陷、RCT、观察性研究和评估；以及成分（集中注意力、选择性注意力、持续性注意力、空间注意力、分散注意力、视觉注意力和听觉注意力）和阶段（急性、亚急性和慢性）。两名评审员使用四个数据库和Rayyan软件，根据纳入和排除标准，在标题、摘要和全文层面独立筛选文章。此外，我们确定了研究设计、样本量、中风发作后的持续时间，并确定了评估工具。
在1423篇文章中，我们选择了35篇。研究设计包括观察性研究（80%）和RCT（20%），共有2987名患者。年龄范围为40.0±7.7至83.6±9.7岁。确定了24种评估工具，主要包括连线测验A部分、日常注意力测试和其他评估（分别为40%、11.4%和62.8%）。关于注意力的五个成分，持续性注意力和选择性注意力各使用了10种评估方法（28.6%），警觉性和分散注意力各使用了6种评估方法（17.1%）。空间注意力仅使用一种工具进行评估（2.9%）。
我们确定了各种用于分析中风患者注意力缺陷的评估工具，并按成分进行了映射。这项范围综述将有助于为有注意力缺陷的中风患者选择评估方法。
