Chenyu Liu, Haochao Li, Pengfei Chen, Mingjian Chen, Diming Zhao, Liqing Wang
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College/National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China.
Glob Heart. 2025 Mar 26;20(1):33. doi: 10.5334/gh.1422. eCollection 2025.
The incidence of non-rheumatic valvular heart diseases (NRVHD) has shown an increasing trend. However, most studies have overlooked the impact of gender on the disease. Female patients, as a specific subgroup, have rarely been discussed independently. It is essential to conduct separate epidemiological studies to understand the latest epidemiological data for female NRVHD patients and to raise awareness among researchers and clinicians.
Data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database were retrieved to obtain epidemiological data on female NRVHD from both global and regional perspectives, covering 204 countries and territories. Joinpoint regression, age-period-cohort analysis, decomposition, and predictive analyses were employed to further examine the epidemiological data.
The incidence of female NRVHD patients has shown a continuous upward trend and is expected to persist in the future, particularly in regions with high and high-middle Socio-Demographic Index (SDI). However, in low and lower-middle SDI regions, patients experience relatively higher Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) and Years Lived with Disability (YLDs), with a greater number of heart failure cases attributed to NRVHD. Decomposition analysis indicates that the increase in the incidence of NRVHD and its subtypes is primarily driven by population growth and aging.
With economic development and population aging, female NRVHD remains a significant healthcare burden for countries worldwide. Low- and middle-SDI regions should implement tertiary prevention strategies to address the impending shift in the spectrum of valvular heart diseases. Further clinical research should focus on female patients as a distinct subgroup of NRVHD, exploring the unique aspects of the disease in this population.
非风湿性心脏瓣膜病（NRVHD）的发病率呈上升趋势。然而，大多数研究忽视了性别对该疾病的影响。女性患者作为一个特定亚组，很少被单独讨论。开展单独的流行病学研究对于了解女性NRVHD患者的最新流行病学数据以及提高研究人员和临床医生的认识至关重要。
检索2021年全球疾病负担（GBD）数据库的数据，从全球和区域角度获取女性NRVHD的流行病学数据，覆盖204个国家和地区。采用Joinpoint回归、年龄-时期-队列分析、分解分析和预测分析进一步研究流行病学数据。
女性NRVHD患者的发病率呈持续上升趋势，预计未来仍将持续，特别是在社会人口指数（SDI）高和高中等的地区。然而，在SDI低和低中等地区，患者的伤残调整生命年（DALYs）和残疾生活年（YLDs）相对较高，因NRVHD导致的心力衰竭病例更多。分解分析表明，NRVHD及其亚型发病率的增加主要由人口增长和老龄化驱动。
随着经济发展和人口老龄化，女性NRVHD仍然是全球各国的重大医疗负担。低和中等SDI地区应实施三级预防策略，以应对心脏瓣膜病谱即将发生的变化。进一步的临床研究应将女性患者作为NRVHD的一个独特亚组，探索该人群中该疾病的独特方面。
