Wei Rui, Albouy Nina, Mallet-Ladeira Sonia, Miqueu Karinne, Bourissou Didier
CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hetérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069), 118 Route de Narbonne, Toulouse, 31062, France.
CNRS/Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM, UMR 5254), Hélioparc, 2 Avenue du Président Angot, Pau, 64053, France.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2025 Jun 2;64(23):e202504162. doi: 10.1002/anie.202504162. Epub 2025 Apr 14.
Strikingly, very little is known so far about reactive gold(III) carbenes. They have been proposed as key intermediates in a few reactions but remain chemical curiosities. Taking into account the enhanced electrophilicity of cationic Au(III) carbene complexes, we were intrigued by their reactivity with nitriles. Thus, we discovered a simple and efficient entry to imino-substituted carbenes. The transient (N^C^C)Au(III)←:CH(dmp) carbene readily reacts with acetonitrile, benzonitrile, and diisopropyl cyanamide, affording stable and isolable Au(III) carbene complexes. Here, the imino group acts either as a strongly π-donating or a spectator substituent. Ligand exchange at Au(III) or protodeauration/deprotonation provides access to the corresponding free species, which display dual imino-carbene / nitrile-ylide reactivity, as substantiated by stoichiometric and catalytic dimerization, O─H insertion and [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions.
引人注目的是,到目前为止,关于活性金(III)卡宾的了解非常少。它们在一些反应中被认为是关键中间体,但仍然只是化学上的新奇物质。考虑到阳离子金(III)卡宾配合物增强的亲电性,我们对它们与腈的反应性很感兴趣。因此,我们发现了一种简单有效的方法来合成亚氨基取代的卡宾。瞬态(N^C^C)Au(III)←:CH(dmp)卡宾很容易与乙腈、苯甲腈和二异丙基氰胺反应,生成稳定且可分离的金(III)卡宾配合物。在这里,亚氨基基团既可以作为强π供体取代基,也可以作为旁观取代基。通过金(III)上的配体交换或质子脱金/去质子化,可以得到相应的游离物种,这些游离物种表现出双亚氨基卡宾/腈叶立德反应性,化学计量和催化二聚、O─H插入和[3 + 2]环加成反应证实了这一点。