Mangla Swati, Ahlawat Yogesh K, Pathak Gaurav, Sharma Nisha, Samani Maryam, Bhan Veer, Essemine Jemaa, Sampasivam Yashirdisai, Brar Navjot Singh, Malik Anurag, Ramteke Vikas, Gupta Shivali, Choubey Sumati
Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India.
Allied Health Sciences, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
Funct Integr Genomics. 2025 Apr 1;25(1):78. doi: 10.1007/s10142-025-01588-z.
Metabolic engineering of lipids in crops presents a promising strategy to enhance resilience against environmental stressors while improving nutritional quality. By manipulating key enzymes in lipid metabolism, introducing novel genes, and utilizing genome editing technologies, researchers have improved crop tolerance to abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, and extreme temperatures. Additionally, modified lipid pathways contribute to resistance against biotic stresses, including pathogen attacks and pest infestations. Engineering multiple stress-resistance traits through lipid metabolism offers a holistic approach to strengthening crop resilience amid changing environmental conditions. Beyond stress tolerance, lipid engineering enhances the nutritional profile of crops by increasing beneficial lipids such as omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins, and antioxidants. This dual approach not only improves crop yield and quality but also supports global food security by ensuring sustainable agricultural production. Integrating advanced biotechnological tools with a deeper understanding of lipid biology paves the way for developing resilient, nutrient-rich crops capable of withstanding climate change and feeding a growing population.
对作物中的脂质进行代谢工程改造是一种很有前景的策略，可增强作物对环境压力的抵御能力，同时改善营养品质。通过操纵脂质代谢中的关键酶、引入新基因以及利用基因组编辑技术，研究人员提高了作物对干旱、盐碱化和极端温度等非生物胁迫的耐受性。此外，改良的脂质途径有助于抵抗生物胁迫，包括病原体攻击和害虫侵袭。通过脂质代谢工程多种抗逆性状，为在不断变化的环境条件下增强作物抗逆性提供了一种全面的方法。除了抗逆性，脂质工程还通过增加有益脂质（如ω-3脂肪酸、维生素和抗氧化剂）来改善作物的营养成分。这种双重方法不仅提高了作物产量和品质，还通过确保可持续农业生产来支持全球粮食安全。将先进的生物技术工具与对脂质生物学的更深入理解相结合，为培育能够抵御气候变化并养活不断增长人口的抗逆性强、营养丰富的作物铺平了道路。
