Mavrogiorgou Paraskevi, Dalhoff Patric, Juckel Georg
Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL-University Hospital of Ruhr-University Bochum, Alexandrinenstr.1, Bochum, 44791, Germany.
BMC Psychiatry. 2025 Apr 2;25(1):315. doi: 10.1186/s12888-025-06762-y.
Guilt and shame are important and universal social emotions that fundamentally shape the way people interact with each other. Mental illness such as depressive disorder (DD) or alcohol addiction (AA) is therefore often related to pronounced dysfunctional feelings of shame and guilt. Oxytocin has been suggested to play an important role in socially and morally associated emotions such as shame and guilt.
A total of 85 participants (41 women and 44 men) were clinically investigated, including shame and guilty proneness. To assess the proneness for guilt and shame, the IGQ, the SCV scale, TOSCA, and SHAME were used.
Patients with DD showed a maladaptive guilt and shame profile, characterized by increased interpersonal feelings of guilt and increased proneness of shame. Patients with AA were characterized by the lowest reserve and antidelophilic attitude. Oxytocin values were lowest in the patients with AA compared to the two other groups, but not related to guilt and shame.
The proneness to maladaptive guilt and shame of mental disorders appears to be less dependent on specific disease aspects than on individual characteristics. Dimensions such as guilt and shame should be more implemented in psychotherapy.
内疚和羞耻是重要且普遍存在的社会情绪，从根本上塑造了人们相互交往的方式。因此，诸如抑郁症（DD）或酒精成瘾（AA）等精神疾病通常与明显功能失调的羞耻感和内疚感有关。催产素被认为在诸如羞耻和内疚等与社会和道德相关的情绪中起重要作用。
对总共85名参与者（41名女性和44名男性）进行了临床调查，包括羞耻感和内疚倾向。为评估内疚和羞耻倾向，使用了内疚问卷（IGQ）、羞耻易感性量表（SCV）、人际间羞耻体验问卷（TOSCA）和羞耻量表（SHAME）。
DD患者表现出适应不良的内疚和羞耻特征，其特点是人际间内疚感增加和羞耻倾向增加。AA患者的特点是最低的保留度和反嗜亲态度。与其他两组相比，AA患者的催产素值最低，但与内疚和羞耻无关。
精神障碍患者适应不良的内疚和羞耻倾向似乎较少依赖于特定的疾病方面，而更多地取决于个体特征。内疚和羞耻等维度应在心理治疗中得到更多应用。
