Guo Rongwang, Shi Liji, Chen Yonghui, Lin Canling, Yin Weihua
Nanchang University, 999 University Avenue, Honggutan District, Nanchang, China.
School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Yichun College, Yichun, China.
Front Immunol. 2025 Mar 18;16:1525741. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1525741. eCollection 2025.
Although various treatment options are available for prostate cancer (PCa), including androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and chemotherapy, these approaches have not achieved the desired results clinically, especially in the treatment of advanced chemotherapy-resistant PCa. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR (PAM) signaling pathway is a classical pathway that is aberrantly activated in cancer cells and promotes the tumorigenesis, metastasis, resistance to castration therapy, chemoresistance, and recurrence of PCa. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a class of RNAs that do not encode proteins. However, some ncRNAs have recently been shown to be differentially expressed in tumor tissues compared with noncancerous tissues and play important roles at the transcription and posttranscription levels. Among the types of ncRNAs, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) can participate in the PAM pathway to regulate PCa growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, and tumor stemness. Therefore, ncRNA therapy that targets the PAM signaling pathway is expected to be a novel and effective approach for treating PCa. In this paper, we summarize the types of ncRNAs that are associated with the PAM pathway in PCa cells as well as the functions and clinical roles of these ncRNAs in PCa. We hope to provide novel and effective strategies for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of PCa.
尽管前列腺癌（PCa）有多种治疗选择，包括雄激素剥夺疗法（ADT）和化疗，但这些方法在临床上并未取得理想效果，尤其是在治疗晚期化疗耐药性PCa方面。PI3K/AKT/mTOR（PAM）信号通路是一条经典通路，在癌细胞中异常激活，促进PCa的肿瘤发生、转移、去势治疗耐药性、化疗耐药性及复发。非编码RNA（ncRNAs）是一类不编码蛋白质的RNA。然而，最近有研究表明，与非癌组织相比，一些ncRNAs在肿瘤组织中存在差异表达，并在转录和转录后水平发挥重要作用。在ncRNAs类型中，长链非编码RNA（lncRNAs）、微小RNA（miRNAs）、环状RNA（circRNAs）和Piwi相互作用RNA（piRNAs）可参与PAM通路，调节PCa的生长、转移、血管生成和肿瘤干性。因此，靶向PAM信号通路的ncRNA疗法有望成为治疗PCa的一种新型有效方法。在本文中，我们总结了与PCa细胞中PAM通路相关的ncRNAs类型，以及这些ncRNAs在PCa中的功能和临床作用。我们希望为PCa的临床诊断和治疗提供新颖有效的策略。
