Oebel Kathrin, Moeller Tobias, Etingold Julie, Brombach Till, Aslam Sana, Hoskin Justin L, Geda Yonas E, Woll Alexander, Krell-Roesch Janina
Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.
Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany.
Front Neurol. 2025 Mar 18;16:1501709. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1501709. eCollection 2025.
Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is characterized by impaired gait and cognition, and urinary incontinence. Even though iNPH still lacks standardized diagnostic criteria, many patients may potentially benefit from treatment which are often invasive procedures.
To provide an overview of the current state of research on physical activity behavior and gait in patients with iNPH, and examine potential changes after treatment (i.e., shunt surgery, spinal tap test or lumbar drainage).
This literature review was carried out based on the PRISMA statement and we searched PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases in April 2023.
In total, 32 studies were included: 29 focusing on gait, 2 focusing on gait and physical activity, and 1 focusing on physical activity. All studies reported improvements in gait, such as reduced gait ataxia or shuffling gait and greater variability of gait cycle length, after an intervention or treatment. Improvements may depend on patients' age, symptom duration, and treatment method, among others.
Improvements in gait after iNPH treatment (e.g., shunt surgery) are well documented, whereas results on physical activity behavior in iNPH patients are inconsistent. More research on physical activity and gait outcomes before and after treatment is needed, also with regard to treatment success.
特发性正常压力脑积水（iNPH）的特征是步态和认知功能受损以及尿失禁。尽管iNPH仍缺乏标准化的诊断标准，但许多患者可能会从通常为侵入性手术的治疗中获益。
概述iNPH患者身体活动行为和步态的研究现状，并研究治疗（即分流手术、腰椎穿刺试验或腰椎引流）后的潜在变化。
本综述依据PRISMA声明进行，于2023年4月检索了PubMed、科学网和Scopus数据库。
共纳入32项研究：29项聚焦于步态，2项聚焦于步态和身体活动，1项聚焦于身体活动。所有研究均报告了干预或治疗后步态的改善，如步态共济失调减轻或拖步减少以及步态周期长度变异性增加。改善情况可能取决于患者年龄、症状持续时间和治疗方法等因素。
iNPH治疗（如分流手术）后步态改善已有充分记录，而iNPH患者身体活动行为的研究结果并不一致。需要更多关于治疗前后身体活动和步态结果的研究，包括治疗成功率方面的研究。
