Two-dimensional metal organic framework nanosheets in electrocatalysis.

The thin layered structure and porous structure in two-dimensional metal organic framework (2D MOF) nanosheets have rapidly emerged as promising catalytic materials in the electrocatalytic reaction, because 2D MOF nanosheets not only provide larger active surface area, more edge active sites, and larger activation surface area, but they can also achieve rapid mass transfer and accelerate the reaction process in catalytic reactions. However, despite extensive research, the practical application of 2D MOFs remains limited due to challenges in scalability, stability, and integration with real-world devices. Herein, we summarized the latest progress in the deliberate engineering of 2D MOF nanosheets as a catalyst for electrocatalytic reactions, with a particular focus on their electrocatalytic and energy-related applications. The two major synthetic pathways of 2D MOF nanosheets are reviewed, including the top-down method and bottom-up method, and the recent development of synthetic methods is also discussed. Unlike existing reviews that primarily focus on theoretical aspects or specific applications, this work integrates insights from both experimental and computational studies, offering a holistic view of the field. This review highlights the importance of rational material design, scalable synthesis methods, and robust performance evaluation protocols. By bridging the gap between fundamental research and practical application, this review aims to accelerate the transition of 2D MOFs from laboratory-scale studies to real-world solutions, ultimately contributing to the development of sustainable and efficient energy systems.