Metan Saskia, Bruns Florian
Lehrstuhl für Ethik und Geschichte der Medizin und Zahnmedizin, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307, Dresden, Deutschland.
Ophthalmologie. 2025 Apr;122(4):278-285. doi: 10.1007/s00347-025-02224-8. Epub 2025 Apr 2.
Imaging disciplines, such as ophthalmology, offer a wide range of opportunities for the beneficial use of artificial intelligence (AI). The analysis of images and data by trained algorithms has the potential to facilitate making the diagnosis and patient care and not just in ophthalmology. If AI brings about advances in clinical practice that benefit patients, this is ethically to be welcomed; however, respect for the self-determination of patients and data security must be guaranteed. Traceability and explainability of the algorithms would strengthen trust in automated decision-making and enable ultimate medical responsibility. It should be noted that algorithms are only as good and unbiased as the data used to train them. If the use of AI is likely to lead to a loss of skills on the part of doctors (deskilling), this must be counteracted, for example through improved training. Accompanying medical ethics research is necessary to identify those aspects of the use of AI that require regulation. In principle, care must be taken to ensure that AI serves people and adapts to their needs, not the other way round.
眼科等成像学科为人工智能（AI）的有益应用提供了广泛机会。通过经过训练的算法对图像和数据进行分析，不仅在眼科领域，还有助于促进诊断和患者护理。如果人工智能在临床实践中带来有益于患者的进展，从伦理角度而言是值得欢迎的；然而，必须确保尊重患者的自主决定权和数据安全。算法的可追溯性和可解释性将增强对自动化决策的信任，并实现最终的医疗责任。应当注意的是，算法的优劣和无偏见程度仅取决于用于训练它们的数据。如果使用人工智能可能导致医生技能丧失（去技能化），则必须加以应对，例如通过改进培训。开展伴随的医学伦理研究对于确定人工智能使用中需要监管的方面是必要的。原则上，必须注意确保人工智能服务于人类并适应人类需求，而不是相反。
