Martin Connor D, Miller Connor R, Block Ashleigh C, Kaiser Lisa M, Goniewicz Maciej L
Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Health Behavior, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, United States.
Addict Behav. 2025 Aug;167:108313. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2025.108313. Epub 2025 Apr 1.
E-cigarettes vary widely in product characteristics (e.g., device type, nicotine concentration, and flavor). Little is known about how people who use e-cigarettes switch between products with different characteristics. We tracked the stability/variability in characteristics of products used by individuals who vaped e-cigarettes daily over one year.
Of 126 enrolled participants who vaped e-cigarettes daily and did not use other nicotine products, 80 completed 12 monthly study visits. Participants reported device type, nicotine concentration, and flavors used in the past 30 days at each visit. Participants were also asked to bring e-cigarette devices and e-liquids to each visit. Study staff took pictures of products carried by participants and categorized product characteristics.
Over one year, 35.0 % of participants did not change device type, nicotine concentration, or flavor type. However, 35 % of participants changed device type, 31.3 % changed nicotine concentration, and 46.3 % changed flavor at least once. The most common change in device type was switching from open to closed system devices (67.9 %). The rate of switching from low to high nicotine (≤24 vs. > 24 mg/mL) was more common than the reverse (56.6 % vs. 43.4 %). The most common change in flavor was switching between Fruit/Sweet and Hybrid (Fruit/Sweet with a cooling additive, 75.7 % of flavor switching events).
Most study participants switched one product characteristic at least once during a 12-month study period. Users most frequently switched flavors and least frequently switched nicotine concentrations. Future studies should consider the variability of product use patterns among people who use e-cigarettes.
电子烟的产品特性（如设备类型、尼古丁浓度和口味）差异很大。对于使用电子烟的人如何在具有不同特性的产品之间切换，人们知之甚少。我们追踪了每天吸食电子烟的个体在一年时间里所使用产品特性的稳定性/变异性。
在126名每天吸食电子烟且不使用其他尼古丁产品的登记参与者中，80人完成了12次月度研究访视。参与者在每次访视时报告过去30天内使用的设备类型、尼古丁浓度和口味。参与者还被要求每次访视时携带电子烟设备和电子烟液。研究人员拍摄参与者携带的产品照片并对产品特性进行分类。
在一年时间里，35.0%的参与者未改变设备类型、尼古丁浓度或口味类型。然而，35%的参与者改变了设备类型，31.3%的参与者改变了尼古丁浓度，46.3%的参与者至少改变了一次口味。设备类型最常见的变化是从开放式系统设备切换到封闭式系统设备（67.9%）。从低尼古丁（≤24毫克/毫升）切换到高尼古丁（>24毫克/毫升）的比例比反向切换更常见（56.6%对43.4%）。口味最常见的变化是在水果/甜味和混合型（添加冷却添加剂的水果/甜味）之间切换（占口味切换事件的75.7%）。
在为期12个月的研究期间，大多数研究参与者至少改变了一次产品特性。使用者最常改变口味，最不常改变尼古丁浓度。未来的研究应考虑电子烟使用者中产品使用模式的变异性。
