Asklund Ina, Åhman Stina, Lindam Anna, Samuelsson Eva
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Unit of Research, Education, and Development-Östersund, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2025 Apr 3;25(1):498. doi: 10.1186/s12913-025-12632-w.
Between 25% and 45% of women experience urinary incontinence. The Tät app is intended to treat stress urinary incontinence in women, and has been evaluated for efficacy and effectiveness. The level of usage of digital healthcare differs depending on demographics, and this might lead to unequal access to healthcare. This study aims to analyse the change in level of education and area of residence of users of the Tät app over time, and compare this with overall demographic data for Sweden.
When the app was downloaded, the user was invited to respond anonymously to a questionnaire. We included women aged 18-89 years living in Sweden. We weighted the app data to reflect the age distribution of the general female population of Sweden. We then compared the users' level of education and area of residence with data from Statistics Sweden.
The study encompassed 153,819 users between 2016 and 2021. The percentage of Tät users with university education decreased from 63.14% (95% CI 62.16-64.11) to 61.07% (95% CI 60.53-61.61), and the percentage of users with fewer than 7 years of education increased from 0.02% (95% CI 0.006-0.077) to 1.94% (95% CI 1.80-2.10). In contrast to this, the Statistics Sweden data comparing 2016 with 2020, showed an increase in the category "university or higher education institution" from 38.94 to 42.10% and a decrease in the other categories. Comparing Tät users' area of residence between 2018 and 2021 showed an increase in the amount of users living in rural areas from 16.90% (95% CI 16.44-17.37) to 20.53% (95% CI 20.08-20.98). Data from Statistics Sweden did not show any significant change, and in 2020 6.23% of women in Sweden lived in rural areas.
The proportion of Tät users in both the highest and the lowest educational categories had changed to be more like the overall Swedish female population. The proportion of Tät users living in rural areas had increased and was considerably larger than for the population in general. We thus see positive trends in the distribution of users, although users with a university education are still over-represented.
25%至45%的女性存在尿失禁问题。Tät应用旨在治疗女性压力性尿失禁，并已对其疗效和有效性进行了评估。数字医疗的使用水平因人口统计学特征而异，这可能导致医疗服务获取不平等。本研究旨在分析Tät应用用户的教育水平和居住地区随时间的变化，并将其与瑞典的总体人口统计数据进行比较。
当应用被下载时，邀请用户匿名回答一份问卷。我们纳入了居住在瑞典的18至89岁女性。我们对应用数据进行加权，以反映瑞典女性总体人口的年龄分布。然后，我们将用户的教育水平和居住地区与瑞典统计局的数据进行比较。
该研究涵盖了2016年至2021年间的153,819名用户。拥有大学学历的Tät用户比例从63.14%（95%置信区间62.16 - 64.11）降至61.07%（95%置信区间60.53 - 61.61），而教育年限少于7年的用户比例从0.02%（95%置信区间0.006 - 0.077）增至1.94%（95%置信区间1.80 - 2.10）。相比之下，瑞典统计局2016年与2020年的数据比较显示，“大学或高等教育机构”类别从38.94%增至42.10%，其他类别则有所下降。比较2018年至2021年Tät用户的居住地区，发现居住在农村地区的用户数量从16.90%（95%置信区间16.44 - 17.37）增至20.53%（95%置信区间20.08 - 20.98）。瑞典统计局的数据未显示出任何显著变化，2020年瑞典有6.23%的女性居住在农村地区。
教育程度最高和最低类别的Tät用户比例已发生变化，更接近瑞典女性总体人口情况。居住在农村地区的Tät用户比例有所增加，且远高于总体人口比例。因此，尽管拥有大学学历的用户仍然占比过高，但我们在用户分布方面看到了积极趋势。
