Balkrishna Acharya, Kumar Sagar, Malik Rohan, Mehra Kuldeep Singh, Chaturvedi Hariom, Mittal Rashmi
Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India.
Department of Yog Science, University of Patanjali, Haridwar, India.
Biomedicine (Taipei). 2025 Mar 1;15(1):13-21. doi: 10.37796/2211-8039.1640. eCollection 2025.
Heterogeneous nature of breast cancer has significantly affected the overall survival, disease free survival and progression free survival amongst the diseased individuals. Metastasis of cancerous cells to distant sites including bone, lungs, liver, lymph node and others have further exhilarated the adverse effects. However, ER, PR and HER-2 are responsible for normal physiological development of women but in altered conditions they may act as initiator or progressor and so far 5 subtypes of disease have been identified. Alteration of pro-survival, pro-proliferative and anti-apoptotic pathways including JAK/STAT, MAPK, PI3K/AkT/mTOR, NF-κB, BCL2 and several others have induced oncogenic events including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, intra-vasation, extra-vasation and many more. Although several US-FDA approved drugs are available in market to target above mentioned signalling pathways but issues of resistance, side effects have restricted their efficacy. The present review article aims to highlight diverse molecular subtypes and the signalling pathways involved in complicating the disease along with the US-FDA approved drugs to target them. Potential herbal medicine to target the disease have also been emphasized that can be used either as mono-therapeutic approach or in combination with conventional therapeutic regimens to target breast cancer.
乳腺癌的异质性显著影响了患病个体的总生存期、无病生存期和无进展生存期。癌细胞转移至远处部位，包括骨骼、肺、肝脏、淋巴结等，进一步加剧了不良影响。然而，雌激素受体（ER）、孕激素受体（PR）和人表皮生长因子受体2（HER-2）对女性的正常生理发育至关重要，但在异常情况下，它们可能充当启动子或进展因子，到目前为止已确定了5种疾病亚型。包括JAK/STAT、MAPK、PI3K/Akt/mTOR、NF-κB、BCL2等在内的促生存、促增殖和抗凋亡信号通路的改变引发了致癌事件，包括上皮-间质转化、血管内渗、血管外渗等。尽管市场上有几种美国食品药品监督管理局（US-FDA）批准的药物可靶向上述信号通路，但耐药性、副作用等问题限制了它们的疗效。本综述文章旨在强调导致疾病复杂化的多种分子亚型和信号通路，以及US-FDA批准的靶向这些通路的药物。还强调了针对该疾病的潜在草药，这些草药既可以作为单一治疗方法，也可以与传统治疗方案联合使用来治疗乳腺癌。
