Dobón-Suárez Alicia, Gutiérrez-Pozo María, Serna-Escolano Vicente, Giménez María J, Valero Daniel, Serrano María, García-Pastor María E, Zapata Pedro J
Department of Agri-Food Technology, Institute for Agri-Food and Agro-Environmental Research and Innovation (CIAGRO), University Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain.
Department of Applied Biology, Institute for Agri-Food and Agro-Environmental Research and Innovation (CIAGRO), University Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain.
Front Plant Sci. 2025 Mar 19;16:1475068. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1475068. eCollection 2025.
The systematic investigation of the biochemical and molecular bases of salicylic acid (SA) in the postharvest physiological process of green pepper fruit remains unclear.
Accordingly, this study aims to analyze the effects of 0.5 mM-SA preharvest treatments, applied by foliar spraying or irrigation, on the ripening and senescence of green pepper fruit for 28 days of storage at 7 °C.
The study revealed that the preharvest application of SA, either by foliar spraying or irrigation, significantly delayed losses of weight, firmness and color during postharvest. Additionally, both treatments increased the total soluble solids and total acidity content, which lead to a significantly reduced ripening index after storage. These results were evidenced by a slowing down of the ripening and senescence processes, accompanied by the stimulation of the antioxidant enzymes in those SA-treated green pepper fruits. Furthermore, a significant increase in chlorophylls, phenolics, ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid content was observed. The SA treatments also enhanced the total antioxidant activity, in both hydrophilic and lipophilic phases. These positive effects were mediated by the upregulation of the relative response of the genes at harvest.
These findings reinforce the existing knowledge gap regarding the impact of foliar spraying or irrigation SA on the intricate interplay between metabolites and genes related to the antioxidant system in regulating the bell pepper fruit ripening and senescence. The impact of both applications exhibited comparable results; however, the irrigation was identified as the most advantageous due to its ease applicability and cost effectiveness in comparison.
水杨酸（SA）在青椒果实采后生理过程中的生化和分子基础的系统研究仍不清楚。
因此，本研究旨在分析通过叶面喷施或灌溉施加0.5 mM - SA采前处理对青椒果实在7℃下贮藏28天的成熟和衰老的影响。
研究表明，采前通过叶面喷施或灌溉施用SA可显著延缓采后重量、硬度和颜色的损失。此外，两种处理均提高了总可溶性固形物和总酸度含量，导致贮藏后成熟指数显著降低。这些结果通过成熟和衰老过程的减缓得到证明，同时SA处理的青椒果实中抗氧化酶受到刺激。此外，观察到叶绿素、酚类、抗坏血酸和脱氢抗坏血酸含量显著增加。SA处理还增强了亲水相和疏水相中的总抗氧化活性。这些积极作用是由收获时基因相对反应的上调介导的。
这些发现强化了关于叶面喷施或灌溉SA对调节甜椒果实成熟和衰老的抗氧化系统相关代谢物和基因之间复杂相互作用的影响方面现有的知识空白。两种应用的影响表现出可比的结果；然而，由于灌溉易于应用且成本效益高，被确定为最具优势。
