Shang Bo, Wei Chengjing, Wang Chenchen, Zheng Yanling, Zhang Liping
College of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
Institute of Medical Engineering Interdisciplinary Research, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 Mar 19;13:1519330. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1519330. eCollection 2025.
Aerosols can affect human health through mechanisms like inflammation, oxidative stress, immune dysregulation, and respiratory impairment. In high-pollution areas, airborne particles may promote the transmission of pathogens such as . This study investigates the spatiotemporal distribution of tuberculosis, its association with air pollution, and potential sources in the geographically unique Kashgar region of Xinjiang, encircled by mountains and desert.
Kriging interpolation and time series observation were used to analyze spatiotemporal trends and identify hot and cold spots of tuberculosis (TB) incidence and air quality in Xinjiang from 2011 to 2023. Kruskal-Wallis and multiple comparisons were applied to assess regional differences. Meteorological clustering and trajectory analysis identified pollutant pathways and potential source areas, with hypotheses proposed for TB transmission routes.
The interaction between tuberculosis, the geographic environment, and aerosols in Xinjiang reveals a consistent spatial distribution of air quality index (AQI) and TB incidence, with overlapping hotspots and cold spots. The incidence rate of tuberculosis is "/100,000."Southern Xinjiang, shows higher TB incidence (235.31 ± 92.44) and poorer air quality (AQI: 64.19 ± 11.73) compared to Northern Xinjiang (TB: 83.82 ± 21.43, AQI: 53.90 ± 6.48). Significant regional differences in TB incidence ( < 0.0001) were confirmed, with post-hoc analyses indicating higher TB rates and worse air quality in Southern Xinjiang. Trajectory and concentration-weighted trajectory (WCWT) analysis identified dust from the Taklimakan Desert as a major contributor to PM and PM pollution, with values exceeding 150 μg/m for PM and 400 μg/m for PM in key areas like Aksu and Kashgar. The Kunlun and Tianshan mountain ranges serve as barriers that trap migrating dust, while meteorological patterns indicate that dust-laden trajectories extend further into the mountainous areas. This phenomenon exacerbates the spread of tuberculosis (TB) in the high-risk regions of southern Xinjiang.
The study highlights a distinct interaction between TB, the geographic environment, and aerosols in southern Xinjiang. Poor air quality and elevated TB incidence overlap, particularly in Kashgar. Here, dust from the Taklimakan Desert, trapped by the Kunlun and Tianshan mountains, intensifies PM and PM pollution, further contributing to TB transmission in high-risk areas.
气溶胶可通过炎症、氧化应激、免疫失调和呼吸功能损害等机制影响人类健康。在高污染地区，空气中的颗粒物可能促进病原体的传播，如……本研究调查了新疆地理位置独特、被山脉和沙漠环绕的喀什地区结核病的时空分布、其与空气污染的关联以及潜在来源。
采用克里金插值法和时间序列观测法分析2011年至2023年新疆结核病发病率和空气质量的时空趋势，并识别热点和冷点。应用克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯检验和多重比较来评估区域差异。气象聚类和轨迹分析确定了污染物路径和潜在源区，并提出了结核病传播途径的假设。
新疆结核病、地理环境和气溶胶之间的相互作用揭示了空气质量指数（AQI）和结核病发病率一致的空间分布，热点和冷点重叠。结核病发病率为“/10万”。与新疆北部相比（结核病：83.82±21.43，AQI：53.90±6.48），新疆南部结核病发病率较高（235.31±92.44），空气质量较差（AQI：64.19±11.73）。证实了结核病发病率存在显著的区域差异（<0.0001），事后分析表明新疆南部结核病发病率较高，空气质量较差。轨迹和浓度加权轨迹（WCWT）分析确定，塔克拉玛干沙漠的沙尘是PM和PM污染的主要来源，在阿克苏和喀什等关键地区，PM值超过150μg/m，PM值超过400μg/m。昆仑山脉和天山山脉起到屏障作用，阻挡了迁移的沙尘，而气象模式表明，携带沙尘的轨迹延伸到山区更远的地方。这种现象加剧了新疆南部高风险地区结核病的传播。
该研究突出了新疆南部结核病、地理环境和气溶胶之间独特的相互作用。空气质量差和结核病发病率升高相互重叠，尤其是在喀什。在这里，被昆仑山脉和天山山脉阻挡的塔克拉玛干沙漠的沙尘加剧了PM和PM污染，进一步导致了高风险地区的结核病传播。
