Chen Xiao, Wang Peilu, Tang Yilin, Veldheer Susan, Geng Tingting, Sun Liang, Li Yaqi, Gao Xiang
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2025 May;105(1):280-291. doi: 10.1177/13872877251327164. Epub 2025 Apr 3.
BackgroundMarijuana impairs the brain development and function among adolescents, but little is known about whether marijuana use is associated with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) among adults.ObjectiveWe investigated the cross-sectional association between marijuana use and past-year SCD in a representative sample of US adults aged 45 years and older.MethodsThe study population included 100,685 participants from five cycles of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). Participants self-reported their marijuana use in the past month and whether they experienced SCD or SCD-related functional limitations in the past year. Participants were categorized into past-month marijuana non-users and past-month marijuana users. Among users, they were further classified as occasional (<10 days) and frequent users (≥10 days). The weighted, multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to examine the association between marijuana use and past-year SCD, adjusting for age, sex, educational level, chronic disease status, and other potential confounders.ResultsThe sample included 94.2% (94,818/100,685) of past-month marijuana non-users and 5.83% (5867/100,685) of users. Among the users, 59.3% (3477/5867) were frequent users. Compared with past-month marijuana non-use, past-month marijuana use was significantly associated with higher odds of past-year SCD (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.41, 2.05). The higher frequency was associated with higher odds of having past-year SCD in a dose-response manner ( Trend < 0.001). Similar associations remained for the SCD-related functional limitations.ConclusionsWe found that past-month marijuana users reported higher rates of past-year SCD, a finding consistent with prior literature linking marijuana use with cognitive decline. Future prospective studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
背景
大麻会损害青少年的大脑发育和功能，但对于成年人使用大麻是否与主观认知能力下降（SCD）相关却知之甚少。
目的
我们在一个45岁及以上美国成年人的代表性样本中，调查了使用大麻与过去一年SCD之间的横断面关联。
方法
研究人群包括来自行为危险因素监测系统（BRFSS）五个周期的100685名参与者。参与者自我报告过去一个月的大麻使用情况，以及过去一年是否经历过SCD或与SCD相关的功能受限情况。参与者被分为过去一个月不使用大麻者和过去一个月使用大麻者。在使用者中，他们进一步被分为偶尔使用者（<10天）和频繁使用者（≥10天）。采用加权多变量逻辑回归模型来检验使用大麻与过去一年SCD之间的关联，并对年龄、性别、教育水平、慢性病状况和其他潜在混杂因素进行了调整。
结果
样本包括94.2%（94818/100685）的过去一个月不使用大麻者和5.83%（5867/100685）的使用者。在使用者中，59.3%（3477/5867）为频繁使用者。与过去一个月不使用大麻相比，过去一个月使用大麻与过去一年SCD的较高几率显著相关（OR = 1.70，95% CI：1.41，2.05）。更高的使用频率与过去一年SCD的较高几率呈剂量反应关系（趋势<0.001）。与SCD相关的功能受限情况也存在类似关联。
结论
我们发现，过去一个月使用大麻者报告过去一年SCD的发生率更高，这一发现与之前将使用大麻与认知能力下降联系起来的文献一致。未来有必要进行前瞻性研究来证实这些发现。
