Zheng Junjie, Hu Jiarong, Guo Ruoyu, Lu Douding, Dai Xinfeng, Wang Ruifang, Jin Haiyan, Sun Zihan, Li Jiongyi, Chen Fajin, Chen Jianfang, Wang Pengbin
Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, 310012, China; School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519082, China.
Environ Res. 2025 Jul 1;276:121516. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2025.121516. Epub 2025 Apr 1.
Human activity and global climate change increasingly affect marine environments, leading to increases in harmful algal blooms (HABs) caused by phytoplankton. These blooms pose significant threats to public health, tourism, fisheries, and ecosystems. As an important fishing ground and tourist destination, the Beibu Gulf faces growing environmental pressure. This study sought to assess the phytoplankton community structure and status of HABs, with a focus on potential HAB species. Using environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding, summer and winter surveys at both coastal and offshore waters revealed 66 potential HAB species, 23 of which were newly recorded in the Beibu Gulf. The potential HAB species exhibited greater richness and relative abundance in summer than in winter. Offshore areas showed greater diversity, whereas coastal areas showed greater relative abundance. Temperature emerged as the most influential factor shaping phytoplankton composition, and pH was found to play an important role in coastal areas. Nutrients such as silicate and ammonium are critical for the distribution of potential HAB species. Among the potential HAB species, Cyclotella cryptica predominated in coastal areas during winter, whereas Chaetoceros tenuissimus predominated in summer. Some species that caused severe HAB events in other oceanic regions were first detected in this study, including Margalefidinium polykrikoides, Karlodinium veneficum, and Prorocentrum concavum. This study revealed the diversity and complexity of the phytoplankton community in the Beibu Gulf, emphasizing the critical importance of monitoring and early warning of potential HAB species, particularly those driven by human activities and climate change.
人类活动和全球气候变化对海洋环境的影响日益增加，导致浮游植物引发的有害藻华（HABs）增多。这些藻华对公众健康、旅游业、渔业和生态系统构成重大威胁。作为重要的渔场和旅游目的地，北部湾面临着日益增大的环境压力。本研究旨在评估浮游植物群落结构和有害藻华状况，重点关注潜在的有害藻华物种。利用环境DNA（eDNA）宏条形码技术，对沿海和近海海域进行的夏季和冬季调查发现了66种潜在的有害藻华物种，其中23种是在北部湾首次记录。潜在的有害藻华物种在夏季的丰富度和相对丰度高于冬季。近海区域的多样性更高，而沿海区域的相对丰度更高。温度是影响浮游植物组成的最主要因素，pH值在沿海区域起着重要作用。硅酸盐和铵等营养物质对潜在有害藻华物种的分布至关重要。在潜在的有害藻华物种中，冬季沿海区域以隐环藻为主，夏季则以细弱角毛藻为主。本研究首次检测到一些在其他海域引发严重有害藻华事件的物种，包括多环玛氏藻、剧毒卡尔藻和凹形原甲藻。本研究揭示了北部湾浮游植物群落的多样性和复杂性，强调了对潜在有害藻华物种进行监测和预警的至关重要性，尤其是那些由人类活动和气候变化驱动的物种。
