Wu Binsha, Liu Chi, Wang Tianyu, Wei Junyan, Wen Chenyi, Liao Zijin, Zhang Dan, Li Chichi
Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang, Wenzhou City, 325000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
Department of Plastic Surgery, Lishui Central Hospital, Wanxiang, Lishui City, 323000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2025 Apr 3. doi: 10.1007/s00266-025-04802-2.
Promoting the fat retention rate effectively remains a current challenge in the fat transplantation technique. Both adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and dedifferentiated fat cells (DFATs) have strong multilineage differentiation potential and can promote fat graft retention rate. This study aimed to compare the difference in the stemness changes of ADSCs and DFATs after fat transplantation from both in vitro and in vivo perspectives.
ADSCs and DFATs were obtained using type I collagenase digestion and identified in morphology, cell-surface antigens, and multilineage differentiation potentials. Next, a method we called oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) was used to simulate an ischemic and hypoxia environment in vitro, and then the effect of OGD on the survival, proliferation, and differentiation capacities of ADSCs and DFATs was observed. Moreover, a mixture of fat with ADSCs or DFATs was injected into the subcutaneous of nude mice, followed by evaluation in the changes of fat retention rate and histology via weight measurement, HE/Masson staining, and immunofluorescent/immunohistochemistry staining of perilipin-1 or CD31, respectively.
ADSCs showed stronger survival, proliferation, and differentiation capacities than DFATs after exposure to the same degree of OGD injury. In addition, ADSC cell-assisted fat grafts showed a higher retention rate and maintained better fat integrity with fewer vacuoles, fibrosis, and lower inflammation extent compared with DFAT cell-assisted fat grafts; meanwhile, ADSC cell-assisted fat transplantation is more beneficial for adipogenesis and angiogenesis than DFAT.
Our findings indicate that ADSC might be a more ideal stemness cell than DFAT in promoting fat retention rate.
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有效提高脂肪移植技术中的脂肪留存率仍是当前面临的一项挑战。脂肪来源干细胞（ADSCs）和去分化脂肪细胞（DFATs）均具有强大的多向分化潜能，且能够提高脂肪移植留存率。本研究旨在从体外和体内两个角度比较脂肪移植后ADSCs和DFATs干性变化的差异。
采用I型胶原酶消化法获取ADSCs和DFATs，并对其进行形态、细胞表面抗原及多向分化潜能鉴定。接下来，运用一种我们称之为氧糖剥夺（OGD）的方法在体外模拟缺血缺氧环境，进而观察OGD对ADSCs和DFATs存活、增殖及分化能力的影响。此外，将脂肪与ADSCs或DFATs的混合物注射到裸鼠皮下，随后分别通过称重、HE/马松染色以及脂联素-1或CD31的免疫荧光/免疫组织化学染色评估脂肪留存率及组织学变化。
在受到同等程度的OGD损伤后，ADSCs表现出比DFATs更强的存活、增殖及分化能力。此外，与DFATs辅助脂肪移植相比，ADSCs辅助脂肪移植的留存率更高，脂肪完整性更好，空泡更少、纤维化程度更低且炎症程度更低；同时，ADSCs辅助脂肪移植在促进脂肪生成和血管生成方面比DFATs更具优势。
我们的研究结果表明，在提高脂肪留存率方面，ADSCs可能是比DFATs更理想的干细胞。
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