Nielsen Berit D, Seitz Luca, Schmidt Wolfgang A
Department of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 59, 8200, Århus N, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Internal Medicine, Horsens Regional Hospital, Sundvej 30, 8700, Horsens, Denmark.
Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Freiburgstrasse 20, Bern, Switzerland.
Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2025 Sep;39(3):102060. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2025.102060. Epub 2025 Apr 2.
Diagnostic imaging is recommended to confirm suspected giant cell arteritis (GCA) or Takayasu arteritis (TAK), and may, in the follow-up of these patients, be used to assess vascular damage. Ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) can all visualise inflammation in vascular regions affected. Ultrasound and MRI are recommended first line diagnostic test in GCA and TAK, respectively, but local expertise, availability and potential differential diagnoses are important prerequisites for the choice of imaging modality. Ultrasound, MR- and CT-angiography may also be used to assess morphologic changes. Further research is necessary on the role of imaging for monitoring disease activity and guide treatment decisions. Advantages and limitations apply to all modalities separately. This review will discuss the pros and cons, the application and pitfalls of each of these imaging modalities in the diagnosis and management of GCA and TAK.
建议进行诊断性影像学检查以确诊疑似巨细胞动脉炎（GCA）或大动脉炎（TAK），并且在这些患者的随访中，可用于评估血管损伤。超声、磁共振成像（MRI）和18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖（F-FDG）正电子发射断层扫描（PET）/计算机断层扫描（CT）都可以显示受影响血管区域的炎症。超声和MRI分别被推荐为GCA和TAK的一线诊断检查，但当地的专业知识、可用性和潜在的鉴别诊断是选择成像方式的重要前提条件。超声、磁共振血管造影和CT血管造影也可用于评估形态学变化。关于成像在监测疾病活动和指导治疗决策方面的作用，还需要进一步研究。每种成像方式都分别有其优点和局限性。本综述将讨论这些成像方式在GCA和TAK诊断及管理中的优缺点、应用及陷阱。
