Jiang Yuting, Chen Jie, Du Yaoyao, Fan Minwei, Shen Lan
School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Center for Pharmaceutics Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2025 May 8;154:114462. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2025.114462. Epub 2025 Apr 5.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an inflammatory disease of the intestine whose primary pathological presentation is the destruction of the intestinal epithelium. The intestinal epithelium, located between the lumen and lamina propria, transmits luminal microbial signals to the immune cells in the lamina propria, which also modulate the intestinal epithelium. In IBD patients, intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) die dysfunction and the mucosal barrier is disrupted, leading to the recruitment of immune cells and the release of cytokines. In this review, we describe the structure and functions of the intestinal epithelium and mucosal barrier in the physiological state and under IBD conditions, as well as the patterns of epithelial cell death and how immune cells modulate the intestinal epithelium providing a reference for clinical research and drug development of IBD. In addition, according to the targeting of epithelial apoptosis and necroptotic pathways and the regulation of immune cells, we summarized some new methods for the treatment of IBD, such as necroptosis inhibitors, microbiome regulation, which provide potential ideas for the treatment of IBD. This review also describes the potential for integrating AI-driven approaches into innovation in IBD treatments.
炎症性肠病（IBD）是一种肠道炎症性疾病，其主要病理表现为肠上皮的破坏。位于肠腔和固有层之间的肠上皮将腔内微生物信号传递给固有层中的免疫细胞，而这些免疫细胞也会调节肠上皮。在IBD患者中，肠上皮细胞（IECs）功能失调并死亡，黏膜屏障被破坏，导致免疫细胞募集和细胞因子释放。在本综述中，我们描述了生理状态和IBD条件下肠上皮和黏膜屏障的结构与功能，以及上皮细胞死亡模式和免疫细胞如何调节肠上皮，为IBD的临床研究和药物开发提供参考。此外，根据上皮细胞凋亡和坏死性凋亡途径的靶向以及免疫细胞的调节，我们总结了一些治疗IBD的新方法，如坏死性凋亡抑制剂、微生物群调节，为IBD的治疗提供了潜在思路。本综述还描述了将人工智能驱动的方法整合到IBD治疗创新中的潜力。
