Xie En, Chen Ziwei, Zhang Xu, Zhang Xinyuan, Zheng Lei, Wang Xue, Zhang Dayi
College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China; Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Water-Saving and Water Resources, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, PR China.
College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
J Hazard Mater. 2025 Jul 15;492:138159. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138159. Epub 2025 Apr 2.
Freshwater bacterioplankton communities play a pivotal role in global carbon fixation and energy exchange. However, establishing direct linkages between environmental stressors like organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) and the ecological functions, such as carbon-fixing related microorganisms (CFMs), remains challenging. This study investigated the effects of four OPPs - two phosphates (dichlorvos, monocrotophos) and two phosphorothioates (omethoate, parathion) - on bacterioplankton communities using stable isotope probing, high-throughput sequencing and oligotyping analysis. Seven CFMs were identified. All OPPs significantly reduced total biomass (from 7.87 ×10 to 2.30-4.11 ×10 cells/mL) but stimulated CFMs proliferation. Notably, phosphorothioates induced a greater increase in CFMs abundance (36.84 %-57.18 %, up from 21.1 %) compared to phosphates (23.85 %-37.10 %; p < 0.05). Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) revealed that phosphorothioates exerted stronger effects on microbial community and CFMs oligotypes structure compared to phosphates (p < 0.05). Variance partitioning analysis (VPA) identified pesticide type as the dominant driver of community structure. PICRUSt2 prediction demonstrated that OPPs suppressed oxidoreductase pathways linked to energy metabolism while activating transferase pathways associated with microbial stress resistance. Phosphorothioates depleted 64 pathways and enhanced 208 pathways, far exceeding phosphate impacts (2 depleted, 22 enhanced), indicating the phosphorothioates played a more important role on bacterioplankton communities than phosphate. Additionally, OPPs exposure reduced functional redundancy and destabilized community stability in bacterioplankton, potentially granting CFMs a long-term competitive advantage and elevating algal bloom risks. These findings provide insights into active CFMs in aquatic systems and their responses to diverse OPPs, offering new perspectives for managing organophosphorus pesticide contamination.
淡水浮游细菌群落对全球碳固定和能量交换起着关键作用。然而，要在有机磷农药（OPPs）等环境压力源与诸如碳固定相关微生物（CFMs）等生态功能之间建立直接联系，仍然具有挑战性。本研究利用稳定同位素探测、高通量测序和寡核苷酸分型分析，研究了四种OPPs（两种磷酸酯类农药（敌敌畏、久效磷）和两种硫代磷酸酯类农药（氧乐果、对硫磷））对浮游细菌群落的影响。鉴定出了七种CFMs。所有OPPs均显著降低了总生物量（从7.87×10降至2.30 - 4.11×10个细胞/毫升），但刺激了CFMs的增殖。值得注意的是，与磷酸酯类农药（23.85% - 37.10%；p < 0.05）相比，硫代磷酸酯类农药使CFMs丰度增加得更多（从21.1%增至36.84% - 57.18%）。主坐标分析（PCoA）表明，与磷酸酯类农药相比，硫代磷酸酯类农药对微生物群落和CFMs寡核苷酸型结构的影响更强（p < 0.05）。方差分解分析（VPA）确定农药类型是群落结构的主要驱动因素。PICRUSt2预测表明，OPPs抑制了与能量代谢相关的氧化还原酶途径，同时激活了与微生物抗逆性相关的转移酶途径。硫代磷酸酯类农药使64条途径减少，208条途径增加，远远超过了磷酸酯类农药的影响（2条减少，22条增加），这表明硫代磷酸酯类农药对浮游细菌群落的作用比磷酸酯类农药更重要。此外，暴露于OPPs会降低浮游细菌的功能冗余并破坏群落稳定性，这可能会使CFMs获得长期竞争优势，并增加藻华风险。这些发现为水生系统中活跃的CFMs及其对不同OPPs的反应提供了见解，为管理有机磷农药污染提供了新的视角。
