Redline R W, Redline S S, Boxerbaum B, Dahms B B
Hum Pathol. 1985 Aug;16(8):815-22. doi: 10.1016/s0046-8177(85)80253-7.
Systemic infection with Malassezia furfur was first reported in 1981 as a specific complication of Intralipid therapy in a neonate. Six additional patients, including three older than 16 years of age, were identified subsequently. All had received prolonged Intralipid infusion through central venous catheters. Pulmonary infection was documented in tissue in three cases, the clinical presentation was characterized by pulmonary infiltrates, fever, and, in the infants, thrombocytopenia. Two subgroups of patients appear to be at the greatest risk for Malassezia infection: neonates with cardiopulmonary disease and adults with severe gastrointestinal disease and immunosuppression. The documentation of pulmonary arterial lipid deposits in vessels that had been infiltrated by Malassezia organisms and the observation of organisms in small pulmonary thromboemboli suggest that these lipophilic and lipid-dependent organisms are introduced into the bloodstream from venous catheters and require high lipid concentrations to proliferate in tissue.
1981年首次报道了新生儿因静脉注射脂肪乳剂治疗引发的特异性并发症——糠秕马拉色菌全身感染。随后又确诊了另外6例患者，其中3例年龄超过16岁。所有患者均通过中心静脉导管接受了长时间的脂肪乳剂输注。3例患者的组织中记录有肺部感染，临床表现为肺部浸润、发热，婴儿患者还伴有血小板减少。两类患者似乎感染马拉色菌的风险最高：患有心肺疾病的新生儿以及患有严重胃肠道疾病且免疫功能低下的成年人。在被马拉色菌侵犯的血管中发现肺动脉脂质沉积，以及在小的肺血栓栓子中观察到该菌，提示这些亲脂性和脂质依赖性微生物是通过静脉导管进入血流的，并且需要高浓度脂质才能在组织中增殖。
