Song Chaofan, Long YinYing, Wan Maohua, Wang Yingchao, Lu Bin, Cheng Zhengbai, Lyu Xiaofeng, Cao Haibing, Liu Hongbin, An Xingye
State Key Laboratory of Bio-based Fiber Materials, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper, China Light Industry Key Laboratory of Papermaking and Biorefinery, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No. 29, 13(th) Street, TEDA, Tianjin 300457, PR China; China Textile Industry Key Laboratory of High-performance Fibers Wet-laid Nonwoven Materials, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, PR China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 May;309(Pt 2):142838. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.142838. Epub 2025 Apr 5.
Traditional activated carbon fibers (CF) based supercapacitors suffer from low mechanical strength, inherent brittleness that induces stress concentrations, and bulky architectures from binder/conductive additive requirements. To overcome these limitations, cellulose nanofibers (CNF) are synergistically integrated with Ti₃C₂Tₓ MXene and CF, forming a mechanically reinforced composite film via hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions. The CNF/CF network expands the interlayer spacing of MXene, which enhances the ion-accessible surface area and enables rapid ion transport. The resulting Ti₃C₂Tₓ/CNF/CF composite film demonstrates exceptional electrochemical performance, achieving a specific capacitance of 420.99 F g at 0.5 A g, with 84.56 % retention at 10 A g. As a self-supporting flexible electrode (0.49 mm thickness), it delivers an areal capacitance of 214 mF cm at 0.3 mA cm and an energy density of 14.5 μWh cm at 30.2 μW cm. The hierarchical CNF/CF network simultaneously suppresses MXene restacking through spatial confinement while optimizing mechanical flexibility and stress distribution via interfacial bonding. This assembly strategy enables scalable fabrication of ultrathin MXene-based supercapacitors suitable for flexible electronics and grid-scale storage systems.
传统的基于活性炭纤维（CF）的超级电容器存在机械强度低、固有脆性会导致应力集中以及因需要粘合剂/导电添加剂而结构笨重等问题。为克服这些限制，纤维素纳米纤维（CNF）与Ti₃C₂Tₓ MXene和CF协同整合，通过氢键和范德华相互作用形成机械增强复合膜。CNF/CF网络扩大了MXene的层间距，增加了离子可及表面积并实现了快速离子传输。所得的Ti₃C₂Tₓ/CNF/CF复合膜展现出卓越的电化学性能，在0.5 A g时比电容达到420.99 F g，在10 A g时保留率为84.56%。作为自支撑柔性电极（厚度0.49 mm），在0.3 mA cm时面积电容为214 mF cm，在30.2 μW cm时能量密度为14.5 μWh cm。分层的CNF/CF网络通过空间限制同时抑制MXene的重新堆叠，同时通过界面结合优化机械柔韧性和应力分布。这种组装策略能够实现适用于柔性电子器件和电网规模存储系统的超薄MXene基超级电容器的可扩展制造。
