Groeger John A, Jaspal Rusi
Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK.
University of Brighton, Brighton, UK.
Behav Sleep Med. 2025 Jul-Aug;23(4):502-514. doi: 10.1080/15402002.2025.2483366. Epub 2025 Apr 6.
Although there are increasing reports suggesting that sexual minorities sleep badly, very few empirical studies have used standard sleep measures. Moreover previous studies have not considered the ways in which different identities and identity processes may interact with sleep.
We addressed this in an on-line sample of almost 300 self-identified lesbian women ( = 40), gay men ( = 55) and bisexual men ( = 87)and bisexual women ( = 118). We assessed sleep using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Insomnia Severity Index and Epworth Sleepiness Scale, among others; wellbeing using measures of life satisfaction, anxiety and depression, and lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) identification, social support, discrimination, identity resilience and minority stressors.
All sleep measures suggested that sexual minorities sleep poorly, and experience identity challenges, minority stressors, high levels of anxiety and depression and reduced life satisfaction. The latter wellbeing variables and BMI account for substantial amounts of variance in scores on standard sleep measures, as do identity and minority stressors. These variables mediate each other such that a confident sexual identity is associated with reduced effects of minority stressors on sleep, and enhanced wellbeing and sleep. There were no differences between LGB subgroups in these effects, except for insomnia, which was worse in bisexuals than in lesbian and gay individuals.
Standard self-report measures of sleep confirm that sexual minorities sleep poorly, and identification with or stresses due to minority status exascerbates this.
尽管越来越多的报告表明性少数群体睡眠质量差，但很少有实证研究采用标准的睡眠测量方法。此外，以往的研究没有考虑不同身份和身份形成过程与睡眠相互作用的方式。
我们在一个近300人的在线样本中进行了研究，其中包括自我认定的女同性恋者（n = 40）、男同性恋者（n = 55）、双性恋男性（n = 87）和双性恋女性（n = 118）。我们使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数、失眠严重程度指数和爱泼华嗜睡量表等评估睡眠；使用生活满意度、焦虑和抑郁测量方法以及女同性恋、男同性恋和双性恋（LGB）身份认同、社会支持、歧视、身份恢复力和少数群体压力源等指标评估幸福感。
所有睡眠测量指标都表明性少数群体睡眠质量差，并且经历身份认同挑战、少数群体压力源、高水平的焦虑和抑郁以及生活满意度降低。后者的幸福感变量和体重指数在标准睡眠测量指标得分中占很大比例的方差，身份认同和少数群体压力源也是如此。这些变量相互影响，以至于自信的性身份认同与少数群体压力源对睡眠的影响降低以及幸福感和睡眠的改善相关。除失眠外，这些影响在LGB亚组之间没有差异，双性恋者的失眠情况比女同性恋者和男同性恋者更严重。
标准的自我报告睡眠测量方法证实性少数群体睡眠质量差，并且与少数群体身份相关的认同或压力会加剧这种情况。
