Grieve Stuart W D, Chen Shiuan-An, Singer Michael B, Michaelides Katerina
School of Geography, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
Digital Environment Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2025 Apr 7;20(4):e0320771. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0320771. eCollection 2025.
Rivers and their drainage basins are fundamental landscape units, and their morphology is a record of the cascade of geologic, tectonic, biological, and climatic processes acting upon them. Quantifying this cascade depends on morphometric measurements of rivers and drainage basins, and comparison of these measurements across diverse landscape settings. Here we present a new near-Global dataset of Drainage Basin Morphology, GDBM, which provides morphometric measurements of 254,966 basins and the longest river channel within them. This dataset is created by extracting channels from the 30-meter resolution Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) topographic data which fall within Köppen-Geiger climate zones, to allow the influence of climate on river and basin morphology to be quantified. GDBM contains measurements of channel length, slope, relief, normalised concavity, basin area, basin shape and aridity. These data have been generated with minimal assumptions, focusing on identifying and classifying channels with high confidence, through the use of a conservative drainage area threshold. GDBM provides opportunities for rapid spatial analysis of channel morphology at a near-global scale and has the potential to yield continuing insight into landscape evolution across diverse climate regimes. This dataset also has potential applications across a range of Earth and environmental science domains, through the integration of additional data on, for example, forest canopy height, landcover, or soil properties to explore the spatial variability of channel and basin properties with climate.
河流及其流域是基本的景观单元，其形态是作用于它们的地质、构造、生物和气候过程级联的记录。量化这种级联取决于对河流和流域的形态测量，以及在不同景观环境下对这些测量结果的比较。在这里，我们展示了一个新的近全球流域形态数据集，即全球流域形态数据集（GDBM），它提供了254,966个流域及其内最长河道的形态测量数据。该数据集是通过从30米分辨率的航天飞机雷达地形测绘任务（SRTM）地形数据中提取属于柯本-盖格气候区的河道而创建的，以便能够量化气候对河流和流域形态的影响。GDBM包含河道长度、坡度、起伏、归一化凹度、流域面积、流域形状和干旱度的测量数据。这些数据的生成假设极少，通过使用保守的流域面积阈值，专注于高置信度地识别和分类河道。GDBM为近全球尺度的河道形态快速空间分析提供了机会，并有潜力对不同气候条件下的景观演化持续提供深入见解。通过整合例如森林冠层高度、土地覆盖或土壤属性等额外数据，该数据集在一系列地球和环境科学领域也具有潜在应用，以探索河道和流域属性随气候的空间变异性。
