Dicle A Tunc, Dalkılıc E Eliguzeloglu, Akyol E
*Aysenur Tunc Dicle, specialist, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Evrim Eliguzeloglu Dalkılıc, professor, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Oper Dent. 2025 Mar 1;50(2):218-228. doi: 10.2341/24-008-L.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of chitosan-added experimental nanohydroxyapatite (n-HA) gel on the physical and morphological changes of the enamel surface after the use of two different vital bleaching agents. Fifty-two intact, caries-free human maxillary incisors were embedded in acrylic resin. Chitosan-added n-HA powder was synthesized using a high-temperature oxidation method and then mixed with phosphate-buffered saline solution (PBS) to form a gel. The teeth were divided into four groups: Group B: Biowhiten in-office 40% n-HP (BioWhiten, Biodent Ltd, Istanbul, Turkey); Group O: Opalescence Boost 40% HP (Ultradent Products Inc., South Jordan, UT, USA); Group BN: Biowhiten in-office 40% n-HP+n-HA gel; Group ON: Opalescence Boost 40% HP+n-HA gel. Color change, surface microhardness, and surface roughness (Ra) measurements were taken before, immediately after, and one week after bleaching. Three specimens from each group were also subjected to scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) analysis. The data were statistically analyzed using an analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni post hoc test (p<0.05). After bleaching, all groups showed a noticeable change in color (p<0.05), but with no differences among the treatment groups (p>0.05). After bleaching, the highest Ra values were determined in Group O (p<0.05). Group ON showed a statistically lower Ra value than Group O (p<0.05). The lowest microhardness value after bleaching was observed in Group O (p<0.05), which also had the lowest calcium/phosphorus (Ca/P) value. After the experimental chitosan-added n-HA gel application, the Ca/P ratio increased. The use of experimental chitosan-added n-HA gel after bleaching improved the physical and morphological properties of the enamel surface without reducing the effectiveness of bleaching.
本研究的目的是调查添加壳聚糖的实验性纳米羟基磷灰石（n-HA）凝胶对使用两种不同的活髓漂白剂后牙釉质表面物理和形态变化的影响。将52颗完整、无龋的人类上颌切牙嵌入丙烯酸树脂中。采用高温氧化法合成添加壳聚糖的n-HA粉末，然后与磷酸盐缓冲盐水溶液（PBS）混合形成凝胶。将牙齿分为四组：B组：诊室用Biowhiten 40% n-HP（BioWhiten，Biodent Ltd，土耳其伊斯坦布尔）；O组：Opalescence Boost 40% HP（Ultradent Products Inc.，美国犹他州南乔丹）；BN组：诊室用Biowhiten 40% n-HP + n-HA凝胶；ON组：Opalescence Boost 40% HP + n-HA凝胶。在漂白前、漂白后即刻和漂白后一周进行颜色变化、表面显微硬度和表面粗糙度（Ra）测量。每组还选取三个标本进行扫描电子显微镜/能量色散X射线光谱（SEM/EDS）分析。使用方差分析（ANOVA）和Bonferroni事后检验（p<0.05）对数据进行统计分析。漂白后，所有组的颜色均有明显变化（p<0.05），但各治疗组之间无差异（p>0.05）。漂白后，O组的Ra值最高（p<0.05）。ON组的Ra值在统计学上低于O组（p<0.05）。漂白后显微硬度值最低的是O组（p<0.05），其钙/磷（Ca/P）值也最低。应用添加壳聚糖的实验性n-HA凝胶后，Ca/P比值增加。漂白后使用添加壳聚糖的实验性n-HA凝胶可改善牙釉质表面的物理和形态特性，且不降低漂白效果。
