Raja Rameez, Biswas Banhi, Abraham Rachy, Wang Yiran, Chang Che-Yuan, Hendriks Ivo A, Buch-Larsen Sara C, Liu Hongrui, Yang Xingyi, Wang Chenyao, Vu Hien, Hamacher-Brady Anne, Cai Danfeng, Leung Anthony K L
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
NNF Center for Protein Research, Copenhagen N, DK-2200, Denmark.
EMBO J. 2025 May;44(10):2741-2773. doi: 10.1038/s44318-025-00421-4. Epub 2025 Apr 7.
Biomolecular condensates are cellular compartments without enveloping membranes, enabling them to dynamically adjust their composition in response to environmental changes through post-translational modifications. Recent work has revealed that interferon-induced ADP-ribosylation (ADPr), which can be reversed by a SARS-CoV-2-encoded hydrolase, is enriched within a condensate. However, the identity of the condensate and the responsible host ADP-ribosyltransferase remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that interferon induces ADPr through transcriptional activation of PARP14, requiring both the physical presence and catalytic activity of PARP14 for condensate formation. Interferon-induced ADPr colocalizes with PARP14 and its associated E3 ligase, DTX3L. These PARP14/ADPr condensates contain key components of p62 bodies-including the selective autophagy receptor p62, its binding partner NBR1 and the associated protein TAX1BP1, along with K48-linked and K63-linked polyubiquitin chains-but lack the autophagosome marker LC3B. Knockdown of p62 disrupts the formation of these ADPr condensates. Importantly, these structures are unaffected by autophagy inhibition, but depend on ubiquitination and proteasome activity. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that interferon triggers PARP14-mediated ADP-ribosylation in p62 bodies, which requires an active ubiquitin-proteasome system.
生物分子凝聚物是没有包膜的细胞区室,这使它们能够通过翻译后修饰来动态调整其组成,以应对环境变化。最近的研究表明,可被一种SARS-CoV-2编码的水解酶逆转的干扰素诱导的ADP核糖基化(ADPr)在一种凝聚物中富集。然而,该凝聚物的身份以及相关的宿主ADP核糖基转移酶仍然难以确定。在这里,我们证明干扰素通过PARP14的转录激活诱导ADPr,凝聚物的形成需要PARP14的物理存在和催化活性。干扰素诱导的ADPr与PARP14及其相关的E3连接酶DTX3L共定位。这些PARP14/ADPr凝聚物包含p62小体的关键成分,包括选择性自噬受体p62、其结合伴侣NBR1和相关蛋白TAX1BP1,以及K48连接和K63连接的多聚泛素链,但缺乏自噬体标记物LC3B。敲低p62会破坏这些ADPr凝聚物的形成。重要的是,这些结构不受自噬抑制的影响,但依赖于泛素化和蛋白酶体活性。综上所述,这些发现表明干扰素在p62小体中触发PARP14介导的ADP核糖基化,这需要一个活跃的泛素-蛋白酶体系统。