Hoffman Yaakov S G
Department of Social and Health Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
Stress Health. 2025 Apr;41(2):e70023. doi: 10.1002/smi.70023.
Results concerning memory performance in older adults with persistent-depression versus other depressive states (i.e., no-depression, past-depression and current-depression) are disparate. This study examined if persistent-depression is linked with impaired memory (measured by recall), and whether this link is moderated by one's feeling older or younger (subjective age). The study used data from waves 5 and 6 of SHARE-Israel (Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe), collected in 2013 and 2015. This representative sample focuses on adults aged 50 and above (N = 1254, mean age = 68.4 ± 9.02). Each wave assessed depression, immediate and delayed recall, fluency and numeracy; subjective age was assessed only at 2015. The main moderation effect was analysed with a hierarchical regression analysis. Memory impairments in the persistent-depression group were evident only for those feeling older. There were no effects of subjective age on fluency and numeracy tasks. Limitations include usage of self-report measures to assess depression, as well as applying a minimal inter-wave duration (2 years) to assess persistent depression. Results are aligned with a resource-stress account of subjective which claims that one's subjective age refelcts a ratio of resoucres-to-stress. Implications suggest that challenges of ageing in the shadow of depression can be compounded by feeling older, that memory (vs. other cognitive tasks) may be uniquely linked with subjective age, and that feeling older is a potential risk factor for impaired memory in persistent-depression. The importance of possible interventions aimed at lowering subjective age are mentioned.
与其他抑郁状态（即无抑郁、既往抑郁和当前抑郁）的老年人相比，持续性抑郁的老年人在记忆表现方面的结果存在差异。本研究调查了持续性抑郁是否与记忆受损（通过回忆测量）有关，以及这种关联是否受到个体感觉自己年老或年轻（主观年龄）的调节。该研究使用了2013年和2015年收集的以色列SHARE（欧洲健康、老龄化和退休调查）第5波和第6波的数据。这个具有代表性的样本聚焦于50岁及以上的成年人（N = 1254，平均年龄 = 68.4 ± 9.02）。每一波都评估了抑郁、即时和延迟回忆、流畅性和计算能力；主观年龄仅在2015年进行了评估。主要的调节效应通过分层回归分析进行了分析。持续性抑郁组的记忆障碍仅在那些感觉自己年老的个体中明显。主观年龄对流畅性和计算能力任务没有影响。局限性包括使用自我报告测量来评估抑郁，以及应用最短的波间持续时间（2年）来评估持续性抑郁。结果与主观的资源压力理论相符，该理论认为个体的主观年龄反映了资源与压力的比率。研究结果表明，在抑郁阴影下的衰老挑战可能会因感觉自己年老而加剧，记忆（与其他认知任务相比）可能与主观年龄有独特的联系，并且感觉自己年老可能是持续性抑郁中记忆受损的一个潜在风险因素。文中提到了旨在降低主观年龄的可能干预措施的重要性。
