Blandi Lorenzo, Clemens Timo, Gentile Leandro, Vecchio Riccardo, Brand Helmut, Odone Anna
School of Public Health, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
Department of International Health, CAPHRI Public Health and Primary Care Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Ann Ig. 2025 Jul-Aug;37(4):500-511. doi: 10.7416/ai.2025.2702. Epub 2025 Apr 9.
Preventive measures can avert up to 45% of dementia cases worldwide. The aim of the study is to analyse some selected national dementia prevention strategic plans.
A qualitative comparative analysis was performed between national dementia plans of the European countries with the best healthy life expectancy among the elderly. The national dementia plans of France, Ireland, Italy, Spain and Sweden were included. The consensus on priority actions and key elements of prevention policies was evaluated, according to the World Health Organization recommendations and to an analysis tool designed for evaluating chronic diseases policies.
All the countries emphasized the importance of prevention policies within their dementia plans and established monitoring committees. However, not all countries defined timelines for policy implementation and only Spain updated its national plan so far. The integration of dementia prevention with other chronic disease preventive campaigns is still lacking, and also a clear allocation of funds for dementia plans is absent so far.
All countries extensively followed the World Health Organization's recommendations. However, the plans have not been updated. Thus, they do not address all the current known risk factors for dementia, preventing only a fraction of potentially preventable cases. Moreover, the need for financial support in national dementia plans are critical but inadequately addressed, with inconsistent or undefined funding sources to implement their goals.
预防措施可避免全球多达45%的痴呆症病例。本研究旨在分析一些选定国家的痴呆症预防战略计划。
对老年人健康预期寿命最佳的欧洲国家的国家痴呆症计划进行定性比较分析。纳入了法国、爱尔兰、意大利、西班牙和瑞典的国家痴呆症计划。根据世界卫生组织的建议以及为评估慢性病政策而设计的分析工具，对预防政策的优先行动和关键要素的共识进行了评估。
所有国家在其痴呆症计划中都强调了预防政策的重要性，并设立了监测委员会。然而，并非所有国家都为政策实施确定了时间表，到目前为止只有西班牙更新了其国家计划。痴呆症预防与其他慢性病预防活动的整合仍然缺乏，而且到目前为止也没有为痴呆症计划明确分配资金。
所有国家都广泛遵循了世界卫生组织的建议。然而，这些计划尚未更新。因此，它们没有解决所有目前已知的痴呆症风险因素，只能预防一小部分潜在可预防的病例。此外，国家痴呆症计划对财政支持的需求至关重要，但未得到充分解决，实施其目标的资金来源不一致或不明确。
