Andreoletti Mattia, Blasimme Alessandro
Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Front Dement. 2025 Jan 3;3:1463837. doi: 10.3389/frdem.2024.1463837. eCollection 2024.
This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of National Dementia Plans (NDPs) from selected European and North American countries, focusing on the distinct prevention strategies outlined and the approaches employed for reducing dementia risk.
The sample consisted of 16 NDPs from Austria, Canada, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Spain, Switzerland, the UK, and the USA. These NDPs were retrieved from the Alzheimer's Disease International (ADI) database, with regular updates checked on official governmental websites. A qualitative analysis was conducted to identify common themes related to the vision, goals, and corresponding actions and measures within these strategies.
Our analysis revealed that dementia prevention is a strategic goal for most of the countries studied. Common actions identified include the identification of risk factors, advancing research, promoting healthy aging, increasing public awareness, and encouraging lifestyle interventions.
We discuss the limitations and challenges of these actions, and more broadly, of the NDPs in relation to the recent literature on the most effective approaches to preventing dementia. We suggest adopting a more "horizontal" approach to dementia prevention, which current NDPs overlook in favor of "vertical" paradigms.
本文旨在全面回顾部分欧洲和北美国家的国家痴呆症计划（NDPs），重点关注所概述的独特预防策略以及为降低痴呆症风险所采用的方法。
样本包括来自奥地利、加拿大、芬兰、法国、德国、希腊、爱尔兰、意大利、列支敦士登、卢森堡、马耳他、荷兰、西班牙、瑞士、英国和美国的16项国家痴呆症计划。这些计划从国际阿尔茨海默病协会（ADI）数据库中检索，并在政府官方网站上定期检查更新情况。进行了定性分析，以确定这些策略中与愿景、目标以及相应行动和措施相关的共同主题。
我们的分析表明，痴呆症预防是大多数所研究国家的战略目标。确定的常见行动包括识别风险因素、推进研究、促进健康老龄化、提高公众意识以及鼓励生活方式干预。
我们讨论了这些行动以及更广泛地说，国家痴呆症计划相对于近期关于预防痴呆症最有效方法的文献所存在的局限性和挑战。我们建议采用一种更“横向”的痴呆症预防方法，而目前的国家痴呆症计划倾向于“纵向”模式而忽略了这一点。
