Kuriakose Beena Briget
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Khamis Mushayt, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Arch Dermatol Res. 2025 Apr 8;317(1):685. doi: 10.1007/s00403-025-04162-6.
Vitiligo is a multifactorial skin disorder characterized by the progressive loss of pigmentation due to the destruction of melanocytes, affecting 0.5-2% of the global population. This condition not only impacts physical appearance but also has profound psychosocial effects on patients. In this review, various aspects of vitiligo are explored, including its clinical forms, epidemiology, and underlying mechanisms. Advances in research have identified key molecular pathways, such as Wnt/β-Catenin, JAK-STAT, and AhR signaling, which are essential for melanocyte survival and immune regulation. These pathways provide valuable insights into the disease's progression and potential treatment targets. Furthermore, the role of microbial imbalances in the gut and skin microbiomes, stress-related factors, and nutritional deficiencies in influencing the onset and progression of vitiligo is investigated. The potential of herbal treatments to stimulate repigmentation is also discussed. By presenting a comprehensive overview, this review aims to deepen the understanding of vitiligo's complex pathology and foster the development of effective therapeutic strategies to enhance patient care.
白癜风是一种多因素导致的皮肤疾病，其特征是由于黑素细胞遭到破坏而出现色素沉着进行性丧失，全球0.5%-2%的人口受其影响。这种疾病不仅影响外貌，还对患者产生深远的心理社会影响。在这篇综述中，探讨了白癜风的各个方面，包括其临床类型、流行病学和潜在机制。研究进展已确定了关键分子途径，如Wnt/β-连环蛋白、JAK-STAT和芳烃受体（AhR）信号传导，这些途径对黑素细胞存活和免疫调节至关重要。这些途径为该疾病的进展和潜在治疗靶点提供了有价值的见解。此外，还研究了肠道和皮肤微生物群中的微生物失衡、应激相关因素以及营养缺乏在影响白癜风发病和进展中的作用。还讨论了草药治疗刺激色素再生的潜力。通过提供全面概述，本综述旨在加深对白癜风复杂病理的理解，并促进有效治疗策略的发展，以改善患者护理。
