Li Meng, Banshali Forum, Brar Gurcharn Singh, Rozek Annett, Bakkeren Guus
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Pacific Agri-Food Research Center, Summerland, BC，Canada, Summerland, BC, Canada.
Terramera Inc., Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Methods Mol Biol. 2025;2898:361-377. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-4378-5_22.
The application of fungicides is a measure complementary to host genetic resistance to control the occurrence and severity of rust diseases that has been estimated to cost over $17.25 per acre annually in wheat fields on the Canadian Prairies. The most often used fungicides include the class of demethylation inhibitors (DMIs), acting on fungal sterol biosynthesis, and the class of strobilurins (quinone outside [mitochondrial respiration] inhibitor [QoI]) acting on fungal mitochondrial respiration. Fungicides are designed to target fungal pathogens but also have been reported to trigger some effects on the host plants. Therefore, an improved diagnostic protocol is developed in this chapter for evaluating the effects and efficacy of commercial fungicides: DMI and QoI on in vitro germination of rust fungus urediniospores and rust disease development of infected, detached wheat leaves as well as whole plants. The purpose is to optimize fungicide application to better control rust fungus diseases of wheat without impacting crop growth, and while mitigating fungicide applications to minimize environmental and financial costs associated with fungicide overapplication.
施用杀菌剂是一种辅助宿主遗传抗性来控制锈病发生和严重程度的措施。据估计，在加拿大大草原的小麦田，每年每英亩使用杀菌剂的成本超过17.25美元。最常用的杀菌剂包括作用于真菌甾醇生物合成的脱甲基抑制剂（DMI）类，以及作用于真菌线粒体呼吸的甲氧基丙烯酸酯类（线粒体呼吸作用中醌类外侧抑制剂[QoI]）。杀菌剂旨在靶向真菌病原体，但也有报道称其会对宿主植物产生一些影响。因此，本章开发了一种改进的诊断方案，用于评估商业杀菌剂（DMI和QoI）对锈菌夏孢子体外萌发以及对感染的离体小麦叶片和整株植物上锈病发展的影响和效果。目的是优化杀菌剂的施用，以便在不影响作物生长的情况下更好地控制小麦锈菌病害，同时减少杀菌剂的施用量，将与杀菌剂过度施用相关的环境和经济成本降至最低。
