Moore B C, Glasberg B R
J Acoust Soc Am. 1985 Jun;77(6):2137-41. doi: 10.1121/1.391738.
These experiments investigated whether perceptual cueing plays a role in the "unmasking" effects which have been observed in forward masking for narrow-band noise maskers and brief signals. The forward masking produced by a 100-Hz-wide noise masker at a level of 60 dB SPL was measured for a 1-kHz sinusoidal signal with a raised-cosine envelope and a duration of 10 ms at the 6-dB-down points, both for the masker alone, and with various components added to the masker (and gated synchronously with the masker). Unmasking was found to occur even for components which were extremely unlikely to produce a significant suppression of the masker: these included a 75-dB SPL 4-kHz sinusoid, a 50-dB SPL 1.4-kHz sinusoid, a noise low-pass filtered at 4 kHz with a spectrum level of 0 dB, and a noise low-pass filtered at 4 kHz with a spectrum level of 20 dB presented in the opposite ear to the masker-plus-signal. It is concluded that perceptual cueing can play a significant role in producing unmasking for brief signals following narrow-band noise maskers, and that it is unwise to interpret the unmasking solely in terms of suppression.
这些实验研究了感知线索在“解掩蔽”效应中是否起作用，这种效应在窄带噪声掩蔽器和短暂信号的前向掩蔽中已被观察到。对于一个1 kHz的正弦信号，其包络为余弦上升型，在6 dB下降点处持续时间为10 ms，测量了由100 Hz宽的噪声掩蔽器在60 dB SPL水平下产生的前向掩蔽，测量对象既有单独的掩蔽器，也有向掩蔽器添加了各种成分（并与掩蔽器同步选通）的情况。结果发现，即使对于极不可能对掩蔽器产生显著抑制作用的成分，也会出现解掩蔽现象：这些成分包括一个75 dB SPL的4 kHz正弦波、一个50 dB SPL的1.4 kHz正弦波、一个在4 kHz处低通滤波且频谱水平为0 dB的噪声，以及一个在4 kHz处低通滤波且频谱水平为20 dB的噪声，该噪声呈现于与掩蔽器加信号所在耳朵相反的耳朵中。得出的结论是，感知线索在窄带噪声掩蔽器之后对短暂信号产生解掩蔽作用时可发挥重要作用，而且仅从抑制角度来解释解掩蔽现象是不明智的。
