van der Heijden M, Kohlrausch A
Institute for Perception Research (IPO), Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
J Acoust Soc Am. 1995 Mar;97(3):1800-7. doi: 10.1121/1.412056.
Two experiments are reported in this study. In the first experiment the masking effect of five different types of narrow-band maskers was compared. The masker was either a tone, a narrow-band Gaussian noise, or a multiplication noise obtained by multiplying a sinusoid with a low-pass Gaussian noise. The noise maskers had a bandwidth of either 20 or 100 Hz. In all cases the masker had a center frequency of 1.3 kHz and a duration of 500 ms. Five-point growth-of-masking functions were measured using a 2-kHz tonal target with a duration of 400 ms, temporally centered in the masker. Six subjects participated in the experiment. Although considerable intersubject differences were observed, the data of all subjects showed several common trends. First, the tonal maskers produced more masking than the noise maskers. Second, Gaussian noise maskers produced more masking than multiplication noise maskers of the same bandwidth. Finally, 100-Hz-wide noise maskers produced more masking than 20-Hz-wide maskers of the same type. Differences in masked thresholds between the various masker types generally increased with masker level, and exceeded 25 dB in some conditions. The results are discussed in terms of masker envelope fluctuations. In the second experiment the masking effect was investigated for a bandpass noise at 1.3 kHz, with regular zero crossings, but with the envelope characteristics of a 100-Hz-wide Gaussian noise. Five-point growth-of-masking functions were measured using a tonal target of 2 kHz.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
本研究报告了两项实验。在第一个实验中，比较了五种不同类型窄带掩蔽器的掩蔽效果。掩蔽器可以是纯音、窄带高斯噪声，或者是通过将正弦波与低通高斯噪声相乘得到的乘积噪声。噪声掩蔽器的带宽为20或100赫兹。在所有情况下，掩蔽器的中心频率为1.3千赫，持续时间为500毫秒。使用一个持续时间为400毫秒、时间上位于掩蔽器中心的2千赫音调目标来测量五点掩蔽增长函数。六名受试者参与了该实验。尽管观察到受试者之间存在相当大的差异，但所有受试者的数据都显示出几个共同趋势。首先，纯音掩蔽器产生的掩蔽比噪声掩蔽器更多。其次，高斯噪声掩蔽器产生的掩蔽比相同带宽的乘积噪声掩蔽器更多。最后，100赫兹宽的噪声掩蔽器产生的掩蔽比相同类型的20赫兹宽的掩蔽器更多。不同掩蔽器类型之间的掩蔽阈值差异通常随掩蔽器强度增加，并且在某些情况下超过25分贝。根据掩蔽器包络波动对结果进行了讨论。在第二个实验中，研究了1.3千赫带通噪声的掩蔽效果，该噪声具有规则的过零点，但具有100赫兹宽高斯噪声的包络特性。使用2千赫的音调目标测量五点掩蔽增长函数。（摘要截于250字）
