Zarębska Magdalena, Bajkacz Sylwia, Malorna Katarzyna, Torchała Kamila
Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Inorganic, Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, 6 B. Krzywoustego Str., Gliwice 44-100, Poland; Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis "Blachownia", 9 Energetyków Str., Kędzierzyn-Koźle 47-225, Poland.
Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Inorganic, Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, 6 B. Krzywoustego Str., Gliwice 44-100, Poland.
Sci Total Environ. 2025 May 10;976:179327. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179327. Epub 2025 Apr 7.
The occurrence of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in drinking water poses significant health risks. In this study the effectiveness of 12 popular pitcher and 5 bottle filters in removing 25 fluorinated contaminants from drinking water was evaluated. Twenty individual PFAS, outlined in Drinking Water Directive 2020/2184 as "Sum of PFAS" and 5 emerging PFAS, were considered. The average efficiency of PFAS removal by the tested filters ranged from 31 % to 99 % for the sum of 20 legacy compounds, and from 19 % to 99 % for emerging ones. Over 80 % reduction was recorded for 9 tested filters. In most examined cases, the filter efficiency increased with alkyl chain length for both perfluorinated carboxylic and sulfonic acids. Four filters were found to reduce the concentration of ΣPFAS from 2000 ng/L to <100 ng/L, meeting the Directive's limit. Additionally, the best filtration bed decreased the sum of PFAS from 100 ng/L to <6 ng/L for model water and from 25 ng/L to 0.6 ng/L for real water, indicating ≥94 % removal efficiency in both cases. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area (S) and micropore volume were key factors influencing PFAS removal efficiency in the pitcher filter. The obtained results highlight important information regarding drinking water quality and safety.
饮用水中多氟烷基和全氟烷基物质（PFAS）的出现带来了重大健康风险。在本研究中，评估了12种常见的滤水壶过滤器和5种瓶装水过滤器去除饮用水中25种含氟污染物的效果。研究考虑了《饮用水指令》2020/2184中概述的20种单独的PFAS（列为“PFAS总和”）以及5种新出现的PFAS。对于20种传统化合物的总和，测试过滤器去除PFAS的平均效率在31%至99%之间，对于新出现的PFAS，平均效率在19%至99%之间。9个测试过滤器的去除率超过了80%。在大多数检测案例中，对于全氟羧酸和磺酸，过滤器效率均随烷基链长度增加而提高。发现有4种过滤器将ΣPFAS浓度从2000 ng/L降至<100 ng/L，达到了指令的限值。此外，最佳滤材对模拟水的PFAS总和从100 ng/L降至<6 ng/L，对实际水从25 ng/L降至0.6 ng/L，表明两种情况下的去除效率均≥94%。布鲁诺尔-埃米特-泰勒（BET）表面积（S）和微孔体积是影响滤水壶过滤器中PFAS去除效率的关键因素。所得结果突出了有关饮用水质量和安全的重要信息。
