Wei Kai, Xu Zitong, He Yuxuan, Ma Xiaolin, Heng Xing, Huang Xiaofei, Quan Wei, Ji Wei, Liu Jia, Wang Xiao-Ping, Budker Dmitry, Fang Jiancheng
School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.
Hangzhou Extremely Weak Magnetic Field Major Science and Technology Infrastructure Research Institute, Hangzhou 310051, People's Republic of China.
Rep Prog Phys. 2025 Apr 17;88(5). doi: 10.1088/1361-6633/adca52.
Recent advances in tabletop quantum sensor technology have enabled searches for nongravitational interactions of dark matter (DM). Traditional axion DM experiments rely on sharp resonance, resulting in extensive scanning time to cover a wide mass range. In this work, we present a broadband approach in an alkali- 21Ne spin system. We identify two distinct hybrid spin-coupled regimes: a self-compensation regime at low frequencies and a hybrid spin resonance regime at higher frequencies. By utilizing these two distinct regimes, we significantly enhance the bandwidth of 21Ne nuclear spin compared to conventional nuclear magnetic resonance, while maintaining competitive sensitivity. We present a comprehensive broadband search for axion-like DM, covering 5 orders of magnitude of Compton frequencies range within[10-2,103] Hz. We set new constraints on the axion DM interactions with neutrons and protons, accounting for the effects of DM stochasticity. For the axion-neutron coupling, our results reach a low value of|gann|⩽3×10-10in the frequency range[2×10-2,4] Hz surpassing astrophysical limits and providing the strongest laboratory constraints in the[10,100] Hz range. For the axion-proton coupling, we offer the best terrestrial constraints for the frequency ranges[2×10-2,5] Hz and[16,7×102] Hz.
桌面量子传感器技术的最新进展使得对暗物质（DM）的非引力相互作用进行搜索成为可能。传统的轴子暗物质实验依赖于尖锐的共振，这导致在覆盖较宽质量范围时需要大量的扫描时间。在这项工作中，我们展示了一种在碱金属-21Ne自旋系统中的宽带方法。我们识别出两种不同的混合自旋耦合机制：低频下的自补偿机制和高频下的混合自旋共振机制。通过利用这两种不同的机制，与传统核磁共振相比，我们显著提高了21Ne核自旋的带宽，同时保持了有竞争力的灵敏度。我们对类轴子暗物质进行了全面的宽带搜索，覆盖了[10-2,103]Hz范围内5个数量级的康普顿频率范围。我们对轴子暗物质与中子和质子的相互作用设定了新的限制，同时考虑了暗物质随机性的影响。对于轴子-中子耦合，我们的结果在[2×10-2,4]Hz频率范围内达到了|gann|⩽3×10-10的低值，超过了天体物理限制，并在[10,100]Hz范围内提供了最强的实验室限制。对于轴子-质子耦合，我们在[2×10-2,5]Hz和[16,7×102]Hz频率范围内提供了最佳的地面限制。
