Therapeutic Effects of against Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Induced by Letrozole in Adult Rats: Ovarian and Uterine Aspects.

BACKGROUND

traditionally employed or treating hormonal problems in women. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of on letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in adult rats.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

In this experimental study, hydroalcoholic extract was prepared from the whole plant except the root. Then, 16 female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups. In the control group, the PCOS model was not induced and no treatment was performed. The PCOS-induced groups received 1 mg/kg of body-weight letrozole daily by gavage for 21 days. In the PCOS-induced groups two groups were orally treated with 250 mg/kg body weight daily metformin or 500 mg/kg body weight daily extract, 28 days after PCOS induction. Hormonal, histopathologic, and histomorphometric analyses were performed. Molecular docking also done to evaluate effect of extract on receptors involved in the pathophysiology of PCOS.

RESULTS

had a remarkable positive effect on estrous cycles and also led to a significant reduction in the weight of PCOS rats. Moreover, extract mitigates PCOS-induced hormonal imbalances including a significant decrease in testosterone and estrogen levels, as well as increased progesterone levels. Ovarian and uterine structures were improved including reducing theca layer thickness, enhancing antral follicular areas, and a significant decrease in the luminal area of the perimetrial layer, endometrial glands, and the total uterine area when compared to the PCOS group. Besides, molecular docking analysis showed that Ar-tumerone, Tumerone, Tricyclo[6.3.0.0(1,5)] undec-2-en-4-one, 2,3,5,9- tetramethyl, Curlone, and 3-Tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole showed the most binding affinity to the receptors that play crucial role in the pathophysiology of PCOS.

CONCLUSION

extract could display positive effects on both the ovary and uterus of letrozole-induced PCOS rats. Therefore, had therapeutic effects on the ovary and uterus of PCOS-induced rat models.