Li Siwei, Song Ge, Xing Jia, Dong Jiaxin, Zhang Maolin, Fan Chunying, Meng Shiyao, Yang Jie, Dong Lechao, Gong Wei
Hubei Key Laboratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing of Land and Atmosphere, School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Perception and Effectiveness Assessment for Carbon-neutrality Efforts, Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, Institute for Carbon Neutrality, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Nat Commun. 2025 Apr 9;16(1):3364. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-58652-2.
Accurate ground-level ozone (O) estimation is crucial for assessing health impacts and designing control strategies. Traditional polar-orbit satellites provide limited, one-time measurements, missing O's diurnal variability. Here, we utilize a next-generation geostationary satellite with ultraviolet capabilities to retrieve hourly O concentrations, achieving high accuracy (R = 0.94) and improving daily maximum 8-hour estimates, particularly in semi-urban areas (R + 0.10, error reduction >7 μg/m³). Our analysis reveals a 30% drop in O-related health risks compared to traditional polar-orbit estimates, with the greatest impact in semi-urban and rural areas where satellite data plays an important role due to the lack of ground measurements. This suggests prior estimates may have overestimated total mortality and urban-rural spillover effects. Our findings underscore the importance of geostationary satellites in capturing O diurnal variability through refined hourly data on photochemical precursors and radiation, providing a scientific basis for health assessments and informing O pollution regulations in China.
准确估算地面臭氧（O₃）对于评估健康影响和制定控制策略至关重要。传统的极轨卫星提供的测量数据有限且为一次性测量，无法捕捉臭氧的日变化。在此，我们利用一颗具备紫外线探测能力的下一代地球静止卫星来获取每小时的臭氧浓度，实现了高精度（R = 0.94），并改进了日最大8小时平均浓度的估算，尤其是在半城市地区（R提高了0.10，误差减少超过7μg/m³）。我们的分析表明，与传统极轨卫星估算相比，与臭氧相关的健康风险降低了30%，在半城市和农村地区影响最大，因为在这些地区由于缺乏地面测量，卫星数据发挥了重要作用。这表明先前的估算可能高估了总死亡率和城乡溢出效应。我们的研究结果强调了地球静止卫星通过获取光化学前体和辐射的精细每小时数据来捕捉臭氧日变化的重要性，为健康评估提供了科学依据，并为中国的臭氧污染法规提供了参考。
